Tripartite Partnerships: Sakhalin Island Corporate Social Responsibility, Lapland University 10.02.201

Green wave Against oil developments in Sakhalin, international campaign Mostly against Shell (through the European Bank of Reconstruction and Development) Sakhalin Environmental Watch Bank watch network Greenpeace Indigenous people protests in 2005

Sackhalin-1 Sakhalin-1: 1977-2000-exploration, since 2001-commercial drilling Exxon Neftegas Limited, a subsidiary of U.S.-based ExxonMobil, is the operator and holds a 30 percent interest; Russian oil company Rosneft acting via its affiliates RN-Astra (8.5 percent) and Sakhalinmorneftegas-Shelf (11.5 percent); Japanese consortium SODECO (30 percent); Indian state-owned oil company ONGC Videsh Ltd. (20 percent).

Sakhalin-2 Sakhalin Energy—the operator Gazprom Sakhalin Holdings B.V. (subsidiary of Gazprom) - 50% plus 1 share Shell Sakhalin Holdings B.V. (subsidiary of Royal Dutch Shell) - 27.5% minus 1 share Mitsui Sakhalin Holdings B.V. (subsidiary of Mitsui)- 12.5% Diamond Gas Sakhalin (subsidiary of Mitsubishi) - 10%

Sakhalin-2

Partnership Mode: Sakhalin-1 Exxon-tripartite agreement, signed in 2012 grant program in each village employ a local public relation person- collects complaints-distributes information on grants, helps with local employment Rosneft: no agreements-support sports, local observers in their sea explorations Locals stop criticizing the company

Sakhalin Indigenous Minorities Development plan

Partnership Mode: Sakhalin-2 Tripartite agreement in 2006 Sakhalin Indigenous Minorities Development plan-2006-2010 Sakhalin Indigenous Minorities Development plan-2011-2015, 2016-2020 Institutionalization of tribal communities, now registered, trained, have bank accounts Indigenous people distribute grants themselves-money conflicts Prior and informed consent

Indigenous people Yokkola Tradition as an open air museum Very few people cut Yukkola Fishermen –involved with illegal activities, especially related to caviar Good infrastructure- facilitates illegal activities

Lessons learned In oil sector-high state involvement, low NGO involvement—NGO protesters, not standard designers In oil low stakeholders involvement—consultations mostly with indigenous people—tripartite agreements-should be multi-stakeholder platforms From assistance to engagement (action research, community based research)