Researchers have identified over 75 chemical

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Myers EXPLORING PSYCHOLOGY (6th Edition in Modules)
Advertisements

OPTION E E4 NEUROTRANSMITTERS AND SYNAPSES
Neurotransmitters Chemicals that influence the firing of nerve cells Can “excite”-make firing more likely Or “inhibit” make firing less likely.
The Nervous System Neurons, Nerves, the Brain and Neurotransmitters.
“Give One, Get One.” 1. Neurotransmitters 2. Endorphins 3. Hormones.
Biological Psychology
Homework in – crossword sheet and Q’s on back
Chemical Messengers in the Nervous System
  Everything psychological is simultaneously _________  Every idea, mood, urge is a biological happening  Love, laugh, and cry with your body  Many.
Neurons & the Nervous System Chapter 2: The Brain and Behavior.
Upload “Neurotransmitters and Drugs” To eBackpack.
 chemicals released by vesicles in sending neuron  travel across the synapse and bind to receptor sites on receiving neuron 2 TYPES = EXCITATORY = stimulate.
 Neurons don’t actually touch  Separated by a tiny fluid-filled gap called a synapse  Neural impulses must be ferried across the synapse by chemical.
Neurotransmitters and the Endocrine System Chemical Messengers.
 A synapse divides at least 2 (usually more) neurons by ~20nm.  Presynaptic Neurons: carry impulses to the synapse  Postsynaptic Neurons: carry impulses.
Chapter 2 pt. 1: Biology, Neurons, and Brain Imagery.
Neurons & the Nervous System
Neurons, Neurotransmitters, and Systems. Structure of a Neuron.
Neurotransmitters!. What is a neuron? Basic cells in the brain.
The Biological Bases of Behavior: The Neuron What is the nervous system?
Neurotransmitters Information in this presentation taken from UCCP Content.
Chapter 3 pt. A: Biology, Neurons, and Brain Imagery.
The Nervous System & Neurons Chapter 7 Click pic.
Neurotransmitters. Acetylcholine (ACh) Enables muscle action, REM sleep, and memory Undersupply, as ACh- producing neurons deteriorate, marks Alzheimer’s.
Neurons & the Nervous System Chapter 2: The Brain and Behavior.
The Nervous System-Part II
NEUROTRANSMITTERS THE MESSENGERS OF NERVE CELLS.
The Nervous System-Part II Neurotransmitters, Drugs and Disease of the Brain.
Neurons and Neurochemicals!. What is a Neuron Basic cells of the brain.
EQ: How do neurotransmitters influence me?.  Write an analogy for a neuron/action potential  EX: Fist (neuron), fingers (dendrites), and arm (axon)
Neurotransmitters.
Neurobiological Theories of Mental Disorders
Anatomy of a Neuron Information is carried by biochemical substances called neurotransmitters. The terminal buttons and the dendrites of other neurons.
What is a neurotransmitter?
What does this mean to you?...
Neural Communication.
October 24th – AP Psychology
Neural and Hormonal Systems
MODULE 3: Neural and Hormonal Systems
Drugs affecting Neurotransmission
Agenda – Monday, February 10th
Neurotransmitters Please pick up a chart from the AP Psych tray & get out your neuron diagram from yesterday 
Structure and Function of the Neuron (AKA Nerve Cells)
Neurotransmitters.
Biological Psychology
Good Morning! Think of the most physically challenging thing you’ve ever done. When you completed the task, how did you feel?
The Brain.
Biological Psychology
Aim: How Does the Body Communicate Internally?
October 16 – AP Psychology
Neurons and Neurotransmission
What makes us feel, act, and think?
Neurotransmitters What is a neurotransmitter?
The Nervous System Your body’s communication network & control center
How does a Neuron fire? Resting potential
Neurons and Neurotransmission
What does this mean to you?...
Chapter 2 Biopsychology.
Problems with Imbalance Substances that Affect
Chemical Messengers Neurotransmitters Hormones Neurohormones.
Chapter 2 Neural Communication.
Myers PSYCHOLOGY Seventh Edition in Modules
Chapter 2 pt. 1: Biology, Neurons, and Brain Imagery
The Biological Foundations of Behavior
Neurotransmitters.
Chapter 2: Biology, Neurons, and Brain Imagery
Neurotransmitters and the Synapse
The Nervous System Your body’s communication network & control center
Teacher Instructions: Hand out cards to all students
Biological Psychology
Presentation transcript:

Researchers have identified over 75 chemical Neurotransmitters Researchers have identified over 75 chemical substances that are manufactured in the brain, spinal cord, glands and other parts of the body that may act as neurotransmitters.

Useful vocabulary: Excitatory effects & Inhibitory effects  Excitatory neurotransmitters trigger a nerve impulses in the receiving cell (they speed up neuron communication) while inhibitory neurotransmitters act to prevent further transmission of an impulse.(they slow down neural communication)

Acetylcholine Ach (ah-SEET-ul-KOH-leen) Neurotransmitters Acetylcholine Ach (ah-SEET-ul-KOH-leen)

Neurotransmitters Acetylcholine Ach Exerts excitatory and inhibitory effects. Excitatory effects of voluntary muscles, causing them to contract so that you can move, but inhibitory effects on the muscle fibers in the heart, so that it doesn’t over pump.

Neurotransmitters Example: When you run to class because there is a hall sweep acetylcholine helps your leg muscles contract quickly, while at the same time preventing your heart muscles from pumping so rapidly you pass out.

Neurotransmitters Acetylcholine Also plays a role in REM sleep and helping to understand and store new information. Critical for normal attention, arousal and memory. Acetylcholine is helping you right now!

Dopamine DA (DOE-pah-meen) Neurotransmitters Dopamine DA (DOE-pah-meen)

Neurotransmitters Dopamine Produces both excitatory and inhibitory effects. *Pleasure & Mood *Learning/Attention *Movement *Alertness

Awakenings https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FURflBxeTyI

Norepinephrine (nor-EP-ih-NEF-rin) NE Neurotransmitters Norepinephrine (nor-EP-ih-NEF-rin) NE

Neurotransmitters Norepinephrine (nor-EP-ih-NEF-rin) NE Affects *Mood *Eating (Stimulates the intake of carbohydrates) *Alertness *Wakefulness *Learning

Family Guy Tries Red Bull https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VZxr5e9W9eg

Epinephrine (EP-ih-NEF-rin) EPI Neurotransmitters (adrenaline) Epinephrine (EP-ih-NEF-rin) EPI

Neurotransmitters Epinephrine (EP-ih-NEF-rin) EPI (Adrenaline) Compliments norepinephrine by affecting the metabolism of glucose and causing the nutrients stored in muscles to be released during strenuous exercise.

Serotonin 5HT (ser-oh-TOE-nin) Neurotransmitters Serotonin 5HT (ser-oh-TOE-nin)

Neurotransmitters Serotonin 5HT (ser-oh-TOE-nin) Regulates *Sleep *Mood *Impulsivity *Aggression *Appetite

Glutamate (GLOO-tah-mate) Neurotransmitters Glutamate (GLOO-tah-mate)

Glutamate (GLOO-tah-mate) MSG Neurotransmitters Glutamate (GLOO-tah-mate) MSG

Neurotransmitters Glutamate (GLOO-tah-mate) The primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain. It is released by about 40% of the neurons and is active in areas of the brain involved in learning, thought, and emotions. Why do some people have adverse side effects when they eat food with MSG?

Neurotransmitters GABA (Short for “gamma-aminobutyric acid”) *Controls anxiety *Sleep *Movement

Neurotransmitters Barbituates=ex. sedative GABA (Short for “gamma-aminobutyric acid”) The main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. Controls anxiety in humans. Tranquilizers, barbiturates, and alcohol appear to have a calming effect because they bind with and stimulate one type of GABA receptor, thereby increasing GABA’s anxiety controlling effect. Alcohol raises GABA levels, which is why many report feelings of relaxation after a drink.

Endorphins (en-DOR-fins) Neurotransmitters https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TjrBdKXgYFY&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=?1&safe=active Endorphins (en-DOR-fins)

Neurotransmitters Endorphins (en-DOR-fins) Chemicals produced naturally in the brain that reduce pain and the stress of vigorous exercise and positively affect mood.

Neurotransmitters Endorphins (en-DOR-fins) General feelings of well-being and pleasure. (Runner’s high.) Opiate drugs such as heroin and morphine mimic the endorphins and bind to their receptor sites.

Can you name any foods that release endorphins? (Maybe that is why they are so addicting?)