Session: Aflatoxin/MLN/Other SPS Cross border issues Trade Africa: Feed the Future Regional Conference April 2016 Sophie Walker

Key Crops and value chains effected with aflatoxin in E & S thrn Africa Maize: maize flour, children’s weaning food milk, beef, chicken Ground nuts: ground nuts, weaning and recovery food Discuss food security and trade

Key Crops and Value chains effected with aflatoxin in E & S thrn Africa Maize: maize flour, children’s weaning food milk, beef, chicken Ground nuts: ground nuts, weaning and recovery food Discuss food security and trade Source: Dr. MVLN Raju, Project Directorate on Poultry (ICAR), Rajendranagar 500 030

Key Crops and Value chains effected with aflatoxin in E & S thrn Africa Maize: maize flour, children’s weaning food milk, beef, chicken Ground nuts: ground nuts, weaning and recovery food Discuss food security and trade

Trade issues and aflatoxin No country is producing an aflatoxin contaminated commodity simply for export – every commodity is produced for home consumption first Traders etc are not selecting aflatoxin contaminated products for export – in fact they select the best quality products for export A deficit country can only successfully ban contaminated products if their own production is aflatoxin free and they can afford to import from a aflatoxin free market

How to prevent aflatoxin Currently the only viable solution is inoculation AflaSAFE

What prevention of aflatoxin entails Eastern Kenya situation ~75,600km2 If 20% land effected – the cost of treatment is more than $30 million If 75% land effected – cost more $112 m Treatment lasts ~ 2 years Who pays for this? What are the costs of not stopping the problem?

Current aflatoxin policy issues Progress has been made at a policy level coordinating a position on aflatoxin contamination levels between countries Progress has been made in many countries in putting in maximum aflatoxin levels Progress has been made in approving the AflaSAFE formula in some countries Virtually no progress has been made yet at addressing the problem on the ground

Cross border issues Cross border trade for the most part is pretty informal – trucks crossing the borders individually No border point (or capital) is set up to have rapid sophisticated lab testing for aflatoxin Sampling is complex; a significant number of samples needs to be collected from all the grain – off loading the trucks to collect samples will be time consuming, expensive and probably ineffective

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