Muscles of the Extremities Justin R. Stone AH 129 Tortora: Ch 11

Muscles: Flexors and Extensor of the Wrist and Fingers A COMPLETE LIST

Upper Extremity Flexor Carpi Radialis Palmaris Longus Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Flexor Pollicis Longus Flexor Digitorum Profundus Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Digitorum Extensor Digiti Minimi Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Abductor Pollicis Longus Extensor Pollicis Brevis Extensor Pollicis Longus Extensor Indicis

Digit = Phalynx (Finger) Pollicis = Thumb General Info: Terms Learn these latin terms, and your life will be made MUCH easier in learning the muscles we cover today. Carpi = Wrist Digit = Phalynx (Finger) Pollicis = Thumb Minimi = Smallest (referring to 5th finger) Indicis = 2nd Finger (Index Finger) Radialis = Radius Ulnaris = Ulna Palmar = Palm Dorsal = Posterior

General Info: Terms Review

General Info: Bone Review

General Info: Terms Flexor Wad Extensor Wad The group of muscles that attaches on / near the Medial Epicondyle Share the common insertion on the “Common Flexor Tendon” All Flex the wrist or fingers Extensor Wad The group of muscles that attaches on / near the Lateral Epicondyle “Common Extensor Tendon” All Extend the wrist or fingers

Muscles: Flexors of the Wrist

Upper Extremity: Wrist Flexors Palmaris Longus Flexor Carpi Radialis Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

Upper Extremity: Wrist Flexors Palmaris Longus O/I: O: Medial Epicondyle I: Flexor Retinaculum, Palmar Aponeurosis N: Median Action: Important in stability of hand and wrist by controlling tension on the Palmar Aponeurosis Weakly flexes wrist

Palmaris Longus

Upper Extremity: Wrist and Finger Flexors Flexor Retinaculum Aka: Transverse Carpal Ligament Forms the roof of the Carpal Tunnel Most flexors of the fingers pass through the carpal tunnel / under the Flexor Retinaculum Palmar Aponeurosis Deep fascia in the center of the Palm

Flexor Retinaculum

Upper Extremity: Wrist Flexors Flexor Carpi Radialis O/I: O: Medial Epicondyle I: Proximal 2nd and 3rd Metacarpals N: Median A: Flex wrist Abduct wrist (AKA: Radial Deviation)

Flexor Carpi Radialis

Upper Extremity: Wrist Flexors Flexor Carpi Ulnaris O/I: O: Medial Epicondyle, SuperoPosterior border of Ulna I: Pisiform, Hamate, and Proximal 5th Metacarpal N: Ulnar A: Flex wrist Adduct wrist (AKA: Ulnar Deviation)

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

Note the orientation of the Wrist Flexors, from Lateral to Medial: Flexor Carpi Radialis Palmaris Longus Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

Upper Extremity: Wrist Flexors Lab: Wrist Flexors Color: Netter’s Color: Sieg and Adams p.34-36 Flashcards Palpate: O/I of Wrist Flexor Group and Palpate while performing Action

Muscles: Flexors of the Fingers

Upper Extremity: Finger Flexors (Excluding Intrinsic Hand Muscles) Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Flexor Digitorum Profundus Flexor Pollicis Longus

Upper Extremity: Finger Flexors Flexor Digitorum Superficialis O/I: O: 2 Heads Medial Epicondyle of Humerus Coronoid Process of Ulna (Anterior Oblique Line of Radius) I: 4 separate tendons Middle Phalynx of Fingers 2-5 N: Median A: Flexes middle and proximal phalynx Weakly flexes wrist *Median nerve passes between the 2 heads of this muscle

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

Upper Extremity: Finger Flexors Flexor Digitorum Profundus O/I: O: Antero-medial body of ulna I: Proximal distal phalanx of fingers 2-5. N: Median and Ulnar A: Flexes the following: DIP and PIP MCP Hand and Wrist

Flexor Digitorum Profundus

Flexor digitorum profundus lies deep to superficialis, but it attaches more distally. To get around this problem profundus's tendons go through the tendons of superficialis, and end up attaching to the distal phalynx.

Which is Which?

Upper Extremity: Finger Flexors Flexor Pollicis Longus O/I: O: Anterior Radius O: Interosseus Membrane I: Proximal distal phalynx of thumb N: Median A: Flexes IP of thumb

Flexor Pollicis Longus

Upper Extremity: Finger Flexors Lab: Finger Flexors Color: Netter’s Color: Sieg and Adams p.40-42 Flashcards Palpate: O/I of Finger Flexor Group and Palpate while performing Action

Muscles: Extensors of the Wrist

Upper Extremity: Wrist Extensors Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

Upper Extremity: Wrist Extensors Common Extensor Tendon Tendon shared by 4 of the extensor muscles in the forearm. Attaches to the lateral epicondyle of the humerus. Serves as an origin, at least in part, for 4 muscles: Extensor carpi radialis brevis Extensor digitorum Extensor digiti minimi Extensor carpi ulnaris

Upper Extremity: Wrist Extensors Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus O/I: O: Lateral Supracondylar Ridge of Humerus I: Second Metacarpal N: Radial A: Extends Wrist Abducts Wrist (Radial Deviation)

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus

Upper Extremity: Wrist Extensors Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis O/I: O: Lateral Epicondyle of Humerus I: Third Metacarpal N: Radial A: Extends Wrist Abducts Wrist (Radial Deviation)

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis

Upper Extremity: Wrist Extensors Extensor Carpi Ulnaris O/I: O: Lateral Epicondyle of Humerus O: Posterior Border of Ulna I: Fifth Metacarpal N: Deep Radial A: Extends Wrist Adducts Wrist (Ulnar Deviation)

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

Upper Extremity: Wrist Extensors Lab: Wrist Extensors Color: Netter’s Color: Sieg and Adams p.31-33 Flashcards Palpate: O/I of Wrist Extensor Group and Palpate muscle while performing Action

Muscles: Extensors of the Fingers

Upper Extremity: Finger Extensors Extensor Digitorum Extensor Digiti Minimi Extensor Indicis Extensor Pollicis Longus Extensor Pollicis Brevis Abductor Pollicis Longus

Upper Extremity: Finger Extensors Extensor Digitorum O/I: O: Lateral Epicondyle of humerus I: Distal and Middle phalynx of fingers 2-5 N: Radial A: Extends DIP, PIP, MCP, (and CMC)

Extensor Digitorum

Upper Extremity: Finger Extensors Extensor Digiti Minimi O/I: O: Lateral Epicondyle of Humerus I: Tendon of Extensor Digitorum on 5th Finger N: Deep Radial A: Extends 5th MCP (and CMC)

Extensor Digiti Minimi

Upper Extremity: Finger Extensors Extensor Indicis O/I: O: Posterior surface of ulna I: Tendon of Extensor Digitorum of 2nd Finger N: Deep Radial A: Extends DIP, PIP at MCP of 2nd Finger (and CMC)

Extensor Indicis

Upper Extremity: Finger Extensors Extensor Pollicis Longus O/I: O: Posterior shaft of Ulna O: Interosseus Membrane I: Proximal Distal Phalynx of 1st Finger N: Deep Radial A: Extends IP and CMC of Thumb Abducts Wrist (Radial Deviation)

Extensor Pollicis Longus

Upper Extremity: Finger Extensors Extensor Pollicis Brevis O/I: O: Posterior shaft of Radius O: Interosseus Membrane I: Base of Proximal Phalynx of 1st Finger N: Deep Radial A: Extends MCP and CMC of Thumb (Extends wrist)

Extensor Pollicis Brevis

Upper Extremity: Finger Extensors Abductor Pollicis Longus O/I: O: Posterior shaft of Radius, Ulna, and Interosseus Membrane I: First metacarpal N: Deep Radial A: Abducts and Extends CMC of Thumb Abducts Wrist (Radial Deviation)

Abductor Pollicis Longus

Upper Extremity: Finger Extensors Lab: Finger Extensors Color: Netter’s Color: Sieg and Adams p.37-39, 43-45 Flashcards Palpate: O/I of Wrist Extensor Group and Palpate muscle while performing Action

Homework: Quiz over first 2 lectures, including the first 23 Muscles Diagrams Questions about Innervation, Attachment, and Action Next Class: Intrinsic Muscles of the Hand Upper Extremity Pathology