Michael Allon, Michelle L. Robbin Kidney International

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Increasing arteriovenous fistulas in hemodialysis patients: Problems and solutions Michael Allon, Michelle L. Robbin Kidney International Volume 62, Issue 4, Pages 1109-1124 (October 2002) DOI: 10.1111/j.1523-1755.2002.kid551.x Copyright © 2002 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Failure-free survival (cumulative patency) of brachiobasilic fistulas (dotted line), brachiocephalic fistulas (dashed line), and upper arm grafts (solid line) excluding (A) and including primary failure (B). When primary failures are excluded, survival of brachiocephalic and brachiobasilic fistulas are comparable to each other, and both are better than for grafts. When primary failures are included, the survival rates for all three types of vascular access are comparable. (Reproduced with permission from the International Society of Nephrology12.) Kidney International 2002 62, 1109-1124DOI: (10.1111/j.1523-1755.2002.kid551.x) Copyright © 2002 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Frequency of fistula use among the hemodialysis units in the HEMO Study. The dialysis units are sorted with the 15 clinical centers with which they are affiliated. The dialysis units in a given clinical center are located in a single metropolitan area. There are large variations in the prevalence of fistula use among individual dialysis units. (Reproduced with permission from the International Society of Nephrology15.) Kidney International 2002 62, 1109-1124DOI: (10.1111/j.1523-1755.2002.kid551.x) Copyright © 2002 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Percent of U.S. patients dialyzing with fistulas in October to December 1999, sorted by patient gender and dialysis network. Symbols are: (▪) female patients; (□) male patients. Overall fistula prevalence varies greatly among networks, but in each of the 18 networks, fistula use is lower among women than men. (Adapted from16.) Kidney International 2002 62, 1109-1124DOI: (10.1111/j.1523-1755.2002.kid551.x) Copyright © 2002 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 Percent of U.S. patients dialyzing with fistulas in October to December 1999, sorted by patient race and dialysis network. Symbols are: (▪) black patients; (□) white patients. Overall fistula prevalence varies greatly among networks, but in nearly each individual network, fistula use is lower among blacks than whites. Network 15 had too few black patients to be included in the analysis. (Adapted from16.) Kidney International 2002 62, 1109-1124DOI: (10.1111/j.1523-1755.2002.kid551.x) Copyright © 2002 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 5 Radiocephalic arteriovenous (A-V) fistula. Kidney International 2002 62, 1109-1124DOI: (10.1111/j.1523-1755.2002.kid551.x) Copyright © 2002 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 6 Brachiocephalic A-V fistula. Kidney International 2002 62, 1109-1124DOI: (10.1111/j.1523-1755.2002.kid551.x) Copyright © 2002 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 7 Brachiobasilic transposition A-V fistula. Kidney International 2002 62, 1109-1124DOI: (10.1111/j.1523-1755.2002.kid551.x) Copyright © 2002 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions