“ZIGBEE” BY: A.RAKESH (08B81A0472)

WHAT IS ZIGBEE? Technological Standard Created for Control and Sensor Networks Based on the IEEE 802.15.4 Standard Created by the ZigBee Alliance

SENSOR/CONTROL NETWORK REQUIREMENTS Large networks (large number of devices and large coverage area) that can form autonomously and that will operate very reliably for years without any operator intervention Very long battery life (years off of a AA cell), very low infrastructure cost (low device & setup costs) and very low complexity and small size Device data rate and QoS needs are low Standardized protocols are necessary to allow multiple vendors to interoperate 3

WHY ZIGBEE? Reliable Mesh networking Low data-rate applications Very long battery life Secure Scalable Low cost Global applicability 4

HOW DOES ZIGBEE WORK? Engineers feel Wi-Fi and Bluetooth may be unsuitable. This spawned the idea of digital radio networks via direct-sequence spread spectrum coding. ZigBee-compliant radios may operate on one of three different radio bands: the 800 MHz, 900 MHz, or 2.4 GHz frequencies. Follows the internationally recognized radio standard for the MAC and PHY Layer.

Industrial & Commercial TARGET MARKETS  TV  Monitors  VCR Consumer Electronics  Sensors Industrial & Commercial  DVD  Automation  CD  Control  Remote PC Peripherals  Mouse Low Data Rate Radio Devices Personal Healthcare  Keyboard  Joystick  Gamepad  Monitors  Diagnostics  Security  Sensors Home Automation  PETs Toys & Games  HVAC  Gameboys  Lighting  Educational  Closures

PC And Peripherals Desktop PCs and Home Entertainment Systems (Home Theatre TV) Computer peripherals; HID devices Video conference equipment Remote control Video gaming equipment Multi-player PC & video games Remote controls for audio and video equipment 7 7

Human Input Devices (HID) Keyboard Mouse / Pointing Device Remote Controls (controls for audio & video equipment) Gaming device Double Joystick 8 8

PATIENT MONITORING May allow more patient freedom Monitors vital statistics and sends via internet Patient can remain in their own home Lowers cost and improves comfort Can be used in hospice care Patients are allowed greater movement Reduced staff to patient ratio Light way to bathroom when they get out of bed Reduces patient confusion graphic graphic 1010

LIGHTING CONTROL Wireless Lighting Control Dimmable ballasts Light switches anywhere Customizable lighting schemes Energy Saving on bright days 12

ZIGBEE VS BLUETOOTH

ZIGBEE AND BLUETOOTH Optimized for different applications Smaller packets over large network Mostly Static networks with many, infrequently used devices Home automation, toys, remote controls, etc. Bluetooth Larger packets over small network Ad-hoc networks File transfer Screen graphics, pictures, hands-free audio, Mobile phones, headsets, PDAs, etc. 17

ZIGBEE AND BLUETOOTH Address Different Needs Bluetooth is a cable replacement for items like Phones, Laptop Computers, Headsets Bluetooth expects regular charging Target is to use <10% of host power 19

ZIGBEE AND BLUETOOTH Address Different Needs ZigBee is better for devices Where the battery is ‘rarely’ replaced Targets are : Tiny fraction of host power New opportunities where wireless not yet used 20

ZigBee and Bluetooth CONCLUSION ZigBee targets applications not addressable by Bluetooth or any other wireless standard ZigBee and Bluetooth complement for a broader solution 21

TOPOLOGY MODELS Mesh Star Hybrid (Cluster Tree) Allows users to balance system cost, reliability & battery life Mesh Reliability Extended Range No Battery Life Routing Complexity Star Simplicity Low Cost Long Battery Life Single Point of Failure Hybrid (Cluster Tree) PAN coordinator Full Function Device Flexibility Reliability/Range of Mesh Battery Life of Star Design Complexity Reduced Function Device 24

ZIGBEE MESH NETWORKING 25

ZIGBEE MESH NETWORKING 26

ZIGBEE MESH NETWORKING 27

ZIGBEE MESH NETWORKING 28

ZIGBEE MESH NETWORKING 29

IEEE 802.15.4 IEEE 802.15.4 is a standard defined by IEEE for low rate, wireless personal area network. The standard defines the Physical layer and Medium Access Layer 30

IEEE 802.15.4 CONTINUED PHY- It defines low power spread spectrum radio operating at 2.4 GHz with a basic data rate of 250 kbps MAC -defines how multiple 802.15.4 radios operating in the same area will share the airwaves. The MAC supports several architectures, including a star topology, tree topologies and mesh topologies 31

THE ZIGBEE PLATFORM End developer applications, designed using application profiles ZA1 ZA2 … ZAn IA1 IAn Application interface designed using general profile API UDP IP Topology management, MAC management, routing, discovery protocol, security management ZigBee NWK 802.2 LLC MAC Channel access, PAN maintenance, reliable data transport IEEE 802.15.4 MAC IEEE 802.15.4 PHY Transmission & reception on the physical radio channel 32

DATA TRANSFER MODEL Coordinator to Device Device to Coordinator Beacon Enabled Mode Non-Beacon Enabled Mode 33

THE 802 WIRELESS SPACE WWAN IEEE 802.22 IEEE 802.20 WMAN WiMax Range WLAN WiFi 802.11 ZigBee 802.15.4 802.15.3 802.15.3a 802.15.3c Bluetooth 802.15.1 WPAN 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 Data Rate (Mbps)

PROS AND CONS Pros good extension of existing standards supported by many companies low power consumption low cost easy implemented (Designer concentrates on end application) flexible network structure Cons Not many end devices available yet Single point of failure (centralized architecture)

SOME PARTICIPANTS CompXs

ZIGBEE ALLIANCE - MEMBERS and many more....

Parting Thought “Just as the personal computer was a symbol of the '80s, and the symbol of the '90s is the World Wide Web, the next nonlinear shift, is going to be the advent of cheap sensors.” -Paul Saffo Institute for the Future

Thank you for your attention! 41