Everything Else in Chapter 14

Architecture Gothic Cathedrals What are the characteristics? Arches Stain Glass Windows HUGE!!!! Famous Gothic Cathedrals Chartres Notre Dame Architecture

Spain

The effort of the Spanish to drive the Muslims out of Spain 1100-1492 Reconquista

Oh and they tortured people too! An attempt by the Spanish monarchs to unify the religion in Spain A Tribunal Made up of members of the clergy Tried people for Heresy People whose religious beliefs differed from Christianity In 1492 all practicing Jews and Muslims were expelled from Spain Oh and they tortured people too! Inquisition

France

The Collapse of Charlemagne’s Empire By 1000 France was divided into 30 territories 987-Last Carolingian ruler dies Louis the Sluggard He will be succeeded by Hugh Capet The Collapse of Charlemagne’s Empire

The Capetian Dynasty

Hugh Capet Weak ruler His son and grandson were also weak His descendents will be the powerful ones Hugh Capet

Phillip II (Augustus) 1180-1223 Watched his father lose land to Henry II of England Wanted to expand French territory Waited for King John to take the throne By 1204 he took back Normandy And most of France Established bailiffs Collected taxes Acted as Judges Phillip II (Augustus)

Louis IX 1226-1270 Grandson of Phillip II Sainted by the church Known as the ideal king Established the French Appeals Court Louis IX

Phillip IV 1285-1314 Fought with the Pope Called a meeting of nobles and commoners to stand against the pope Phillip IV

The Estates 1st Estate Church Leaders 2nd Estate Nobles 3rd Estate Commoners Estates General Similar to Parliament but never limited the King’s power In 1789 they do cut off the head of their King The Estates

THE CHURCH (AGAIN)

Pope Bonafice VIII Pope in 1300 Italian Used papal bull to try to rule the French King An official document issued by the Pope Held prisoner by the Phillip IV Rescued before he was put on trial Died a month later in 1303 Last pope who was able to force monarchs to obey him Pope Bonafice VIII

The Church Moves to Avignon 1305-the College of Cardinals chose a French Archbishop to be the next pope Clement V Moved from Rome to Avignon in France Popes would live there for the next 67 years The Church Moves to Avignon

The Great Schism 1378-Pope Gregory XI dies while visiting Rome College of Cardinals met in Rome to choose a successor Chose Urban VI- Italian The Great Schism

The Great Schism Cont’d French Cardinals choose a different Pope Robert of Geneva French Pope Clement VII Each pope declared the other one a false pope They excommunicated each other The Great Schism Cont’d

Before Clement VII and Urban VI a different pope had been selected in Pisa Pope John XXIII 1414-There are 3 popes for the Catholic Church Another Pope

1417 Council declares all 3 popes invalid and elects a 4th pope Pope Martin V reunites the Catholic church Finally an End

Smart People Make the Church Mad

John Wycliffe Englishman Preached that Jesus was the head of the Church Offended by the hypocrisy of the church Believed the church should own no land or wealth John Wycliffe

Jan Hus Bohemian (Czech Republic) Taught that the bible was higher than the pope Excommunicated in 1412 1414-urged to attend the Council of Constance and promised safe passage Arrested, tried as a heretic, and burned at the stake in 1415 Jan Hus

What Does it all mean?

The monarchs gain power The Church loses power Feudalism ends in Europe The Crusade routes become trade routes 33% of the population of Europe dies from the plague A war between France and England lasts 106 years

THE RENAISSANCE!!!!!