Nationalism & Sectionalism p.379

“Every nation should anxiously endeavor to establish its absolute independence, and consequently be able to feed and clothe and defend itself. If it rely upon a foreign supply that may be cut off…..it cannot be independent.” Henry Clay – strong nationalist from Kentucky

Nationalism Unites the Country The American System Plan introduced in 1815 to make America economically self-sufficient. 3 main actions 1.) make protective tariff- tax on imported goods that protects a nation’s businesses from foreign competition 2.) Establish a Nat’l bank : single currency 3.) Improve Transportation systems

Era of Good Feelings Loyalty shifted state govt’s  Fed gov’t Opposition to Pres. Monroe disappeared Landmark S.Court Cases: Promoted National Unity McCulloch v. Maryland State could not tax a nat’l bank Gibbons v. Ogden Interstate commerce only regulated by federal gov’t

Transportation Links Cities The National Road 1806: Cumberland, MD  Wheeling, WV 1841:  Vandalia, IL Erie Canal Waterway that connected NYC  Buffalo, NY Trade here helped NYC  largest U.S. city Railroads Led to decline in canal use

Sectional Tensions Increase Sectional Interests Sectionalism- Loyalty to the interests of one’s own region or section of the country. South Plantations, Slavery North East Manufacturing, trade West Settlers, cheap land

Missouri Compromise Laws enacted in 1820 to maintain balance of power between slave/free states. 1.) Missouri = Slave Maine = Free 2.) Slavery was banned north of Missouri’s southern border -Mason-Dixon Line Maryland/Penn. Border = division between slave/free North/South

National Boundaries & Foreign Affairs Settling Boundary Issues Agreements that improved U.S/Britain relations 1.) Rush-Bagot Agreement- Limited each side’s naval forces on Great Lakes 2.) Convention of 1818- Set 49th parallel as U.S. Canadian border Tense U.S. Spain Relations Disagreements: Louisiana Purchase boundaries West Florida ownership

Monroe Doctrine U.S policy opposing European interference in the W. Hemisphere. U.S. stay out of European affairs Closed to more European colonization