Metals Junior Science.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Chapter 13: Properties of Metals
Advertisements

Metals Nat
Ferrous Metals Non-ferrous Metals Alloys
Do Now! Describe how aluminium can rust, and how it’s different to rusting iron (use the information found in the “Iron and Aluminium” worksheet) Aluminum.
Engineering Chemistry 14/15 Fall semester Instructor: Rama Oktavian Office Hr.: M.13-15, Tu , W , Th ,
3.3 Metals.
Standard Grade Chemistry Topic 11 - Metals. Properties of Metals Density – this is the mass of a substance in a given volume.  A high density material.
The Periodic Table of Elements. Elements kScience has come along way since Aristotle’s theory of Air, Water, Fire, and Earth.  Scientists have identified.
TYPES OF METALS.
Metals, metalloids, and non metals
Bachelor of Technology Mechanical
CHAPTER - 4 MATERIALS : METALS AND NON METALS. 1) Occurrence of metals and non metals :- Out of the 92 naturally occuring elements 70 are metals and about.
Unit 14 Metals and Patterns in Reactivity Why are metals useful? to be able to describe the properties of metals and non-metals to be able to suggest what.
CANKAYA UNIVERSITY OFFICE OF BASIC AND ELECTIVE COURSES -ENGLISH UNIT-
C10. Metals.
Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids
Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids. Metals Characteristics of metals Metals are solids (for the exception of Mercury which is a liquid) at room temperature.
Chapter 3: Elements and the Periodic Table
Metals, Making Electricity and Corrosion. Metals The job that a metal is used for is determined by its physical and chemical properties. Physical properties.
USES OF METALS.
By Miss Buicke Metals and Non-metals. What we need to know from the syllabus : OC45 understand that rusting is a chemical process that changes iron into.
10.2 Uses related to properties of metals P. 1 / 6 Uses related to properties of metals MetalUsesReasons for use Iron construction, transport hard, strong,
Metal, Nonmetals and Metalloids
Metals and non- metals The BasicsReactivity Reactions with metals.
Pages  What are the parts of an atom?  Nucleus – The center of the atom. It contains…  Protons – Positively charged particles.  Neutrons.
Properties of Metals and Non-Metals Done By: Sherrell Mungal.
Physical vs. Chemical Properties
Common physical properties of metals are: High melting point — most metals have high values, > 300°C. High boiling point — most metals have high values,
Properties of Metals 1.They are shiny (lustrous). 2.They are malleable, which means that they can be hammered into different shapes. 3.They are ductile,
INTRODUCTION OF MATERIAL SCIENCE (SFB 2013) NUR SUHADAH BINTI OTHMAN ( )
Section 20-1 Metals The periodic table divides the elements into three classes: metals, nonmetals, and metalloids. Metals are found to the left of the.
By – Miss Kiran Rathod. Metals Metals are solids. (except mercury) Metals are hard. (except Lithium, Potassium, Sodium) Metals have metallic lustre.
Acids, Bases and Metals Junior Science 1. Chemical and Physical change Physical changes are concerned with energy and states of matter. A physical change.
Q: Where do we obtain most of our metals from?
atoms, metals and acid/base reactions
Metals All metals belong to one of these two groups.
Physical and Chemical Properties Notes
Metals Chapter 35.
Metals All metals belong to one of these two groups.
Metals and Non-Metals – Outcomes
Sunday, 3 June 2018 Metal Properties.
T2T1 METALS AND NON-METALS
Starter A solution that contains ions
Metals and Plastics In this section you will learn
The following slides should help you with your revision, but should not be your only form of revision. Remember to use your notes, a textbook, websites.
Metals All metals belong to one of these two groups.
Intermediate 2 Chemistry Unit 3(c)
Elements are the building blocks of matter
Elements are the building blocks of matter
The Periodic Table and the Atom
Properties of Metals This presentation shows the main properties of metals and their meanings.
Properties of Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids
Metals, Non-Metals, Metalloids
Metals There are two categories of metal Ferrous & Non Ferrous
The Periodic Table Metals, Metalloids, and Nonmetals.
Metals.
Periodic Table of Elements
Write the correct vocabulary term for the given definition.
Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures
Elements are the building blocks of matter
Starter 1– Metals and alloys test
Chapter 6: Mechanical Properties of Metals
Use the techniques you have learnt in previous lessons
-Describe how elements are arranged in the periodic table
Metals.
C15 : The Periodic Table.
Chemistry… The Study of MATTER.
Resources A 1 Flashcards pp
Presentation transcript:

Metals Junior Science

8a Metals Metals can be distinguished from non-metals by their physical properties; they are strong, dense, shiny solids that can be worked into different shapes. They are good conductors of heat and electricity.

The Physical Properties of Metals Electrical conductivity allow electricity to pass through State solid liquid or gas Colour of the substance Lustre shininess of an object Ductility drawn into a wire Density mass of a standard volume Melting point temp solid turns to liquid Malleability beaten flat without breaking Thermal conductivity allowing heat to pass through Mass amount of matter in an object (kg) Substances can be distinguished by their different physical properties. Some groups of substances, such as metals, can show similar physical properties.

Metal physical properties – Iron (once processed) •Ductile, malleable & tough. •Shrinks on cooling •Making water pipes, gas pipes and sewers •Making ornamental castings such as brackets, gates, lamp posts, spiral staircases etc. •Making parts of machinery •Becomes soft at white heat & can be easily welded. •Can be used to form temporary magnets. •used where a tough material is required. •Used for rivets, chains, ornamental iron work, railway lines, water and steam pipes, bolts, nails and nuts, horse shoes, handrails, roofing sheets, electro-magnets

Metal physical properties – Copper • Reddish-brown in colour • Malleable • ductile • good heat and electrical conductivity •Electrical wires •Heating pipes •Roofing

Metal physical properties – Lead •can be cut with a knife. •Lustrous (shiny) & heavy metal •bluish-grey colour •very soft & plastic (can be easily moulded) at room temperature •Making shots, bullets, alloys, storage cells •toilet fittings, water-proof and acid proof chambers •gas pipes, roof gutters •damp-proof courses of buildings, cable coverings •plates for storage batteries, covering for electrical cables

Metal physical properties – Aluminium •Silver in colour •Very strong but light in weight •very good conductor of heat and electricity •non-magnetic substance •Soft & malleable •Ductile •making automobile bodies, engine parts •casting of steel •manufacture of electrical conductors •Making drink cans, high tension wires

Metal physical properties – Gold •yellow gold in colour •Very soft and malleable and heavy in weight •very good conductor of heat and electricity •Ductile •Jewellery and decorative objects •manufacture of audio wires and fittings •gold bullion (bars) and coins

9a Metal reactivity Metals react with other chemicals with varying speed or not at all. Differences in reactivity are shown in the reactivity series of metals. Metals will react faster if they are more reactive – more reactive metals give up their electrons more readily to react with other chemicals

Metal Chemical Properties The reactivity of metals also determines the uses we have for metals. Aluminium is very unreactive (once an oxide coat forms) and can be used outside for windows, boats, airplanes, pipes without needing to be painted. Copper is also unreactive and can be used outside for decorative roofing and water pipes Gold is another unreactive metal and can be worn as jewellery with out reacting to the persons skin or water. Zinc is reactive but can be used to cover iron (which rusts) in a process called galvanising. The zinc becomes the “sacrificial metal” and will react first and prevent the iron rusting. Galvanised iron is used for roofing material. Lead is not very reactive but it is no longer used for water pipes as it poisons people who drink from them.

Some metals are more suitable for certain uses than others because of their Physical and Chemical properties - Summary 9c We select appropriate metals which are the most useful for the task or technology they assist with because of their particular characteristics. Metal Uses Property involved copper Pipes. Wires. cooking pots Unreactive with air and water Excellent electrical conductor good thermal conductor aluminium Aircraft frames wires Strong light and unreactive Good conductor and ductile mercury thermometers Expands regularly with heat lead Roof flashing Very malleable zinc galvanising Forms a protective coat tin Tin coating silver jewellery Malleable, ductile, unreactive iron Car bodies Structural steel Forms strong alloys, malleable Forms strong alloys, flexible

Metals and non-metals Group Physical properties Chemical properties >Lustre >good conductor >High density >High melting point >Malleable and Ductile >Easily lose electrons >Corrode easily Semi-Metals >Solids >Can be shiny or dull >Ductile and malleable >Conduct heat and energy better than Non Metals but not as good as metals Non-Metals >No lustre >Poor conductor >Brittle >Not ductile >Low density >Low melting point >Tend to gain electrons

Metals form oxides by reaction with oxygen 10 Metals form oxides by reaction with oxygen Metals react with oxygen in the air to produce metal oxides, like magnesium oxide. Electrons are lost from the metal to form a cation (positive ion) and gained by the oxygen to form an anion – oxide (negative ion). The cation and anion then join together to form a neutral metal oxide.

Metals form oxides by reaction with oxygen 10 Metals form oxides by reaction with oxygen 2Mg + O2 → 2MgO Magnesium + Oxygen Magnesium Oxide 12p +ve -ve 12p

Metals form salts and hydrogen gas when reacting with acid 10 Metals form salts and hydrogen gas when reacting with acid Acids react with metals to give a salt and hydrogen. Most metals will react with acid – especially if the acid is heated and concentrated O O H Mg S H O O

Metals form salts and hydrogen gas when reacting with acid 10 Metals form salts and hydrogen gas when reacting with acid Mg + H2SO4 → MgSO4 + H2 Magnesium + Sulfuric Magnesium + hydrogen Acid sulfate gas O O +ve H Mg S H O O -ve

Metal reactions summary 10 Metal reactions summary 1. Metal and water General equation metal + water → hydrogen + metal hydroxide Word equation calcium + water → hydrogen + calcium hydroxide Formula equation Ca + 2H2O → H2 + Ca(OH)2 2. Metal and Acid General equation acid + metal → salt + hydrogen gas Word equation sulfuric acid + calcium → calcium sulfate + hydrogen gas Formula equation H2SO4 + Ca → CaSO4 + H2 3. Metal and Oxygen General equation metal + oxygen → metal oxide Word equation magnesium + oxygen → magnesium oxide Formula equation 2Mg + O2 → 2MgO