Industrial Revolution

Industrial Revolution Farms Factories Agriculture Industries Making goods by hand to producing goods with machines

Invention- creation of something new that fits a need Invention- creation of something new that fits a need. Inventor- someone who creates something new.

What are some characteristics of an inventor? Inventors are…

Which of the following was a characteristic of the Industrial Revolution? Goods were being made in factories instead of homes. Many people moved away from the cities to farms. The U.S. was mostly a nation of farmers. Workers produced fewer goods.

Technology- new ideas about how to do something and the equipment to do it. Transportation System- (Ex: transcontinental railroad) shipped raw materials to factories for workers to make products and then ship them throughout the country

INVENTIONS

Telegraph Telegraph operators sent signals using a device that interrupted the flow of electric current along a wire. They used shorter or longer bursts of currents with spaces in between to represent letters of the message. The message sent was called a telegram.

Samuel Morse American inventor named Samuel Morse experimented with sending messages along iron wires; the telegraph. Morse invented a code system, Morse code, which dots and dashes represented the alphabet. This allowed the railroads to send messages to warn engineers of dangers and to advise people of late train arrivals. It carried news in minutes to all parts of the country. For the first time news traveled faster than people.

“Tap it out in Morse Code!” Try it yourself!!! Using the Morse Code, can you write your name? Try writing this week’s word wall words! Now, for a real challenge!! Can you write me a message? Tell me something you’ve learned today by writing a message in Morse Code!

Inventor Trading Cards Samuel Morse Invented the telegraph to send messages along wires. Created the Morse Code. For the first time, news traveled faster than people!

Telephone The telephone is an instrument that sends and receives voice messages by means of electric current. In seconds, you can communicate with the person across the street, across the country, or in another continent. Alexander Graham Bell patented the telephone in 1876.

Click on the picture to see a cartoon. http://www.undiscoveredscotland.co.uk/usbiography/abc/images/alexandergrahambell-450.jpg

Alexander Graham Bell Birth date: March 3, 1847 Birth place: Edinburgh, Scotland Education: Specialized in the anatomy of vocal apparatus at University College in London Death: August 2, 1922 Some Inventions: Telephone, tetrahedronal kites Bell obtained a patent in 1876 for the principle of transmitting speech through electric wires. The telephone was of such great importance that Bell’s name is associated with it.

Alexander Graham Bell’s idea for the “talking telegraph” led to what important invention? Phonograph Radio Telephone typewriter

No one lived in rural areas. The phone lines could not reach that far. Why did Alexander Graham Bell’s telephone company supply service to many cities but few rural areas in the 1890s? No one lived in rural areas. The phone lines could not reach that far. It cost too much to supply telephone service to rural areas. People in rural areas did not need to use the telephone.

Light Bulb Electric light is a device that uses electric energy to produce visible light. Until electric light became common in the early 1900’s, people could see at night only with candles, fires, gaslights, or oil lamps. Thomas Edison invented the incandescent filament that is inside light bulb.

Click on the light bulb to see a quick “inventoon.”

Thomas Edison Thomas Alva Edison Birth date: February 11, 1847 Birth place: Milan, Ohio Education: Limited formal education; taught by mother and self-taught Death: October 18, 1931 Some Inventions: incandescent filament for the light bulb, phonograph, kinetoscope (first practical motion picture device that used a roll of film), storage batteries, Edison was a bright and curious boy. His experiences led him to his interest in electricity and invention. He invented the phonograph, the movie camera, and the microphone. His most important invention was the light bulb. Electricity flowed through a filament, a thin piece of carbon, inside a glass. It became hot and glowed with white light. It took Edison many attempts and a few explosions to finally invent this incandescent light bulb.

Machinery and mass production used in factories caused the prices of products to . Decrease Increase Stay the same Change based on demand

What is Mass Production? Making a lot of something in a short amount of time. Henry Ford mass produced his automobile, the Model T, by building it on an assembly line.

Henry Ford Did NOT invent the automobile, but used the assembly line to increase productivity. Each person on the assembly line repeats the same step over and over again as a product moves down the assembly line. When it comes off, the product is completely built.

What are the benefits of using the assembly line? + Make more products + Price for the consumer goes down + More buyers + More money for the company + Pay employees more

Mass production- making A LOT of something at the SAME TIME! (new methods of mass production were used to turn the raw materials into consumer products)

Reader’s Theatre Not everyone will have a part, but EVERYONE will participate! We’ll be adding in actions, so pay attention! You’ll be assigned a role and given a chance to practice. Then it’s SHOWTIME!

Wright Brother Facts Orville and Wilbur grew up in Dayton, Ohio Experimented with a flying machine for several years before their motorized airplane flew for 12 seconds The first flight took place at Kitty Hawk, NC on December 17, 1903.

paper planes the “Wright” way Think of paper plane designs in your head. Keep in mind… Which design will make the plane go the furthest? Which design will I have time to make? Which design can I do using only one sheet of paper and one piece of tape?

Become a Wright brother! On a scrap piece of paper, take 3 minutes to sketch your design and how you are going to go about making it. Then, take 5 minutes to make your paper plane. Don’t share your thoughts or your sketches with anyone, you want your ideas to be unique!!

What was one challenge the Wright brothers faced in building their flying machine? They knew very little about flying. Their parents discouraged them. Wilbur was afraid to fly. Their motor was too lightweight.

During the Industrial Revolution, who built a new mode of transportation that would change how people traveled around the world? Alexander Graham Bell Thomas Edison Albert Einstein Wright Brothers

Which of the following promoted the early 1900s Industrial Revolution? Light bulbs and telephones Television and radios Cotton gin and railroads Computers and the internet

Andrew Carnegie Bessemer Process-a process used to convert iron to steel. (named after Henry Bessemer) His company, Carnegie Steel, built huge steel foundries and created a monopoly on the production of steel. Steel is used in sky scrapers, ships, and the railroad.

John D. Rockefeller Created a monopoly in the oil industry. Rockefeller’s company, Standard Oil, refined oil and turned it into other useful products (kerosene, gasoline, motor oil). Built refinery in Ohio, then used the profits to buy other refineries. He eventually gained control of the nation’s oil industry.

“You never fail until you stop trying.” Albert Einstein “I haven’t failed. I’ve just found 10,000 ways that won’t work.” Thomas Edison

What idea contributed to the success of mass production? Plantations Assembly line Strikes refrigeration

Resources-p.181 Human-people who work to produce goods and services Natural-things found in nature that people can use (iron, coal, oil) Capital-tools and the machines that companies use to produce goods and services.

Then and Now

Word Sort Group the words on your sheet into the following categories: Alexander Graham Bell Thomas Edison Wright Brothers Carriages and Streetcars Albert Einstein Samuel Morse Other