1st Semester Benchmark Review Topics covered: Physical Properties of Matter Freezing/Melting Point & Boiling Point of water Mixtures & Solutions 5 Forms of Energy and the ways it is used, transformed and produced Behaviors of Light Energy Electric Circuits Formation of Sedimentary Rock and Fossil Fuels 5 Alternative Energy Resources

Organic matter + pressure + heat + millions of years = Place where coal is formed Coal, oil, natural gas Breaking down rock Moving sediment Dropping sediment in a new location Landform created by river deposition Landform created by river erosion for 1000’s of years Landform created by wind deposition Landform created by moving glaciers Alternative energy created by moving water alternative energy created by the sun Alternative energy created by heat from inside the earth Rock type formed into layers above fossil fuels Place where oil is formed Alternative energy created by corn & soybeans

Organic matter + pressure + heat + millions of years = fossil fuels Place where coal is formed (ancient) swamp Coal, oil, natural gas fossil fuels / non renewable Breaking down rock weathering Moving sediment erosion Dropping sediment in a new location deposition Landform created by river deposition delta Landform created by river erosion for 1000’s of years canyon or valley Landform created by wind deposition (sand) dunes Landform created by moving glaciers wide valley / u-shaped valley Alternative energy created by moving water hydroelectric power alternative energy created by the sun solar Alternative energy created by heat from inside the earth geothermal Rock type formed into layers above fossil fuels sedimentary Place where oil is formed ocean Alternative energy created by corn & soybeans biofuels

Keeps its shape and volume Two or more substances mixed together and dissolves Sinks in water 0 degrees Celsius (2 words) A tool to separate iron and sand Energy to power a lamp All metals allow electricity to pass How light travels Light bending to make things look different Light bouncing to show an image Two forces that work from a distance the energy of moving parts Plastic, paper, and rubber do not allow energy to pass Energy produced by vibrations Electricity needs this type of path Physical property of salt that stays the same when dissolved

Keeps its shape and volume solid Two or more substances mixed together and dissolves solution Sinks in water more dense 0 degrees Celsius (2 words) freezing / melting A tool to separate iron and sand magnet Energy to power a lamp electricity All metals allow electricity to pass conductors (or true) How light travels straight line Light bending to make things look different refraction Light bouncing to show an image reflection Two forces that work from a distance gravity & magnetism the energy of moving parts mechanical Plastic, paper, and rubber do not allow energy to pass insulator Energy produced by vibrations sound Electricity needs this type of path closed or complete Physical property of salt that stays the same when dissolved taste

Energy of vibrations The flow of electrons A substance that transfers energy easily (metals) Science word for “heat” Energy of moving parts or gears Energy that changes ice to water Energy we can see. A tool to attract iron A substance that does NOT transfer energy easily (non- metals) Stored energy – it COULD move Energy in action The amount of space an object takes up Keeps its shape and volume Energy produced in a turbine A magnet that can be turned on and off

Energy of vibrations sound The flow of electrons electricity A substance that transfers energy easily (metals) conductors Science word for “heat” thermal energy Energy of moving parts or gears mechanical Energy that changes ice to water thermal Energy we can see. light A tool to attract iron magnet A substance that does NOT transfer energy easily (non- metals) insulator Stored energy – it COULD move potential Energy in action kinetic The amount of space an object takes up volume Keeps its shape and volume solid Energy produced in a turbine electricity A magnet that can be turned on and off electromagnet

Weathering Erosion Deposition Break it Move it Drop it Break it, Move it, Drop it! Have someone randomly read a phrase and you call out the matching phrase Weathering Erosion Deposition Break it Move it Drop it