Ancient Greece, 1900 – 133 B.C. Classical Greece and the Hellenistic Period Objective: Identify the roots of Greek civilization and recognize its achievements.

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Presentation transcript:

Ancient Greece, 1900 – 133 B.C. Classical Greece and the Hellenistic Period Objective: Identify the roots of Greek civilization and recognize its achievements from the Minoan era through the Hellenistic period. Sparta http://www.history.com/topics/ancient-history/peloponnesian-war/videos/spartan-boot- camp-killing-machines

The Trojan War

Classical Greece The Persian Wars- Greece and Persia Marathon – 490 B.C. disastrous defeat for Persians http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AuihHUFEqPM Thermopylae – 480 B.C. valiant stand by Leonidas & 300 Spartans

The Peloponnesian War – 431-404 B.C. (Athens and Sparta) Pericles – used Delian League treasury to build Parthenon Sparta won – 404 B.C., disastrous results for all Greek city-states http://www.history.com/topics/ancient-history/peloponnesian-war/videos/the- peloponnesian-war Drama & Theater – earliest plays were tragedies

Classical Greece continued…. Sculptors – excelled at portraying the human form

Greek Philosophers – thinkers; philosophy – “the seeking of wisdom” Sophists – “knowers”, traveling professional teachers, truth is relative Socrates – absolute rather than relative truth, Socratic Method Plato – student of Socrates, The Republic (about government) Aristotle – student of Plato, tutored Alexander of Macedonia

Socrates

Plato

Plato’s School

Aristotle

Classical Greece continued…. Historians Herodotus – “father of history,” Persian Wars, 1st to separate fact from legend Thucydides – rejected idea of gods having a role in history

First Scientists – discoveries by observation and thought Pythagoras – Pythagorean theorem, a² + b² = c² Hippocrates – “father of medicine”

Hellenistic Culture = Hellenic (Greek) + Persian Alexander the Great Superb military leader; sought to imitate Achilles Hellenistic kingdoms – four domains after Alexander’s death Philosophers – personal behavior Epicurus – Epicureanism, pleasure was freedom from turmoil & worry Zeno – Stoicism, accept difficulties of life & do duty

.

Epicurus “Pleasure is our first and kindred good Epicurus “Pleasure is our first and kindred good. It is the starting-point of every choice …”

Hellenistic Culture continued… Science Aristarchus – earth revolves around sun Eratosthenes – earth’s circumference within 1 % Euclid of Alexandria – The Elements of Geometry Archimedes – pi, pulley, principle of buoyancy, lever; “Eureka!”