RACIAL DISCRIMINATION

Racism Is any action or attitude, conscious or unconscious, that subordinates an individual or group based on skin color or race. It can be enacted individually or institutionally. Racial Discrimination To treat differently a person or group of people based on their racial origins. Power is a necessary precondition, for it depends on the ability to give or withhold social benefits, facilities, services, opportunities etc., from someone who should be entitled to them, and are denied on the basis of race, color or national origin.

Australia is home to the world’s oldest continuous cultures, as well as people who identify with more than 270 ancestries. This rich, cultural diversity is one of our greatest strengths as a nation.  Despite this, many individuals experience unfair treatment and racism because of how they look or where they come from. Racial discrimination can also be subtle, creating systemic barriers that lock people out of social and economic opportunities.

Background on Racial Discrimination  Much of today's racism can be traced to the era of colonialism that began in the 1400s. When Europeans began colonizing Africa and the Americas, the white settlers adopted the idea that they were superior to the other races they encountered and it was their job to "civilize the savages.“ Racism Against Native Americans-Millions of natives occupied the area now called the United States prior to the colonial era.  In an effort to obtain much of the North America as territory of the United States, a long series of wars, massacres, forced displacements (such as the Trail of Tears), restriction of food rights, and the imposition of treaties, land was taken and numerous hardships imposed.

Racism Against Blacks- the relocation of millions of African Americans from their roots in the Southern states to the industrial centers of the North after World War I, particularly in cities such as Boston, Chicago, and New York (Harlem). In northern cities, racial tensions exploded, most violently in Chicago, and lynching's - racially motivated mob-directed hangings - increased dramatically in the 1920s. Racism Against Middle Easterners and Muslims-Racism against Arab Americans have risen along with tensions between the American government and the Arab world. Following the September 11, 2001 attacks in the United States, discrimination and racial violence has markedly increased against Arab Americans and many other religious and cultural groups.

What is Racial Hatred or Racial Vilification Racial hatred (sometimes referred to as vilification) is doing something in public based on the race, colour, national or ethnic origin of a person or group of people which is likely to offend, insult, humiliate or intimidate. Examples of racial hatred may include: racially offensive material on the internet, including e forums, blogs, social networking sites and video sharing sites racially offensive comments or images in a newspaper, magazine or other publication such as a leaflet or flyer racially offensive speeches at a public rally racially abusive comments in a public place, such as a shop, workplace, park, on public transport or at school racially abusive comments at sporting events by players, spectators, coaches or officials. Vilification : to say or write bad things about (someone); defame; slander.

When is racial hatred not against the law? The Racial Discrimination Act aims to strike a balance between the right to communicate freely (‘freedom of speech’) and the right to live free from racial hatred or vilification. To strike this balance, the Act outlines some things that are not against the law, provided they are ‘done reasonably and in good faith’ - even if they are done in public. Under the Act, the things that are not against the law if they are “done reasonably and in good faith” are: an artistic work or performance – for example, a play in which racially offensive attitudes are expressed by a character. a statement, publication, discussion or debate made for genuine academic or scientific purposes – for example, discussing and debating public policy such as immigration, multiculturalism or special measures for particular groups. making a fair and accurate report on a matter of public interest – for example, a fair report in a newspaper about racially offensive conduct. making a fair comment, if the comment is an expression of a person’s genuine belief.

FIFA is investigating a possible racial discrimination case after photographs circulated of fans with blackface makeup at Germany's match against Ghana.

Shilpa Shetty (left) and Jade Goody (right) arguing in the Big Brother house. ASSIGNMENT 1)Give synonym :look 2) Give antonym :different 3) Give meaning : a)superior b)investigate c)conduct d)genuine 4) Make a sentence using below word : a)Report b)comment c)live