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The accounting system produces information used by businesses to make decisions. Home Glencoe Accounting Glencoe Accounting Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Describe profit, risk-taking, and entrepreneurs. Describe service, merchandising, and manufacturing businesses. Compare the sole proprietorship, partnership, and corporate forms of businesses. List the advantages and disadvantages of each form of business organization. Describe the purpose of accounting. Explain financial and management accounting. Describe the three basic accounting assumptions. Home Glencoe Accounting Glencoe Accounting Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Key Terms free enterprise system profit loss entrepreneur capital Exploring the World of Business Section 2.1 Key Terms free enterprise system profit loss entrepreneur capital service business merchandising business manufacturing business sole proprietorship partnership corporation charter Home Glencoe Accounting

The Environment of Business Exploring the World of Business Section 2.1 free enterprise system The activities that a person does well. Free Enterprise System profit The amount of money earned over and above the amount spent to keep the business operating. Profit Loss loss When a business spends more money than it earns. Home Glencoe Accounting

The Environment of Business Exploring the World of Business Section 2.1 Operate at a profit What a business needs to survive An individual willing to take the risk Home Glencoe Accounting

The Environment of Business Exploring the World of Business Section 2.1 Inventors entrepreneur A person who transforms ideas for products or services into real-world businesses. Investors Entrepreneurs Roles in a Business Managers Employees Home Glencoe Accounting

The Environment of Business Exploring the World of Business Section 2.1 Home Glencoe Accounting

The Environment of Business Exploring the World of Business Section 2.1 Self-Starters Organizational Skills Traits of Entrepreneurs Accounting Skills Marketing Knowledge Home Glencoe Accounting

The Environment of Business Exploring the World of Business Section 2.1 Do you have good writing and speaking skills? Are you creative or mechanical? Entrepreneur – Who, Me? Are you a self-starter? Do you have accounting or marketing skills? Home Glencoe Accounting

Types and Forms of Businesses Exploring the World of Business Section 2.1 Three Types of Business Operations Service Business Merchandising Business Manufacturing Business manufacturing business A business that buys raw materials, uses labor and machinery to transform them into finished products, and sells the finished products to individuals or other businesses. merchandising business A business that buys finished products and resells them to individuals or other businesses. service business A business that provides a needed service for a fee. Home Glencoe Accounting

Types and Forms of Businesses Exploring the World of Business Section 2.1 $ All types of businesses need capital to begin. capital Money that investors, banks, or business owners supply for a business to begin. Home Glencoe Accounting

Types and Forms of Businesses Exploring the World of Business Section 2.1 Three Types of Business Organization Sole Proprietorship Partnership Corporation sole proprietorship A business owned by one person. partnership A business owned by two or more persons. corporation A business recognized by law to have a life of its own. Home Glencoe Accounting

Types and Forms of Businesses Exploring the World of Business Section 2.1 Home Glencoe Accounting

Types and Forms of Businesses Exploring the World of Business Section 2.1 Home Glencoe Accounting

Types and Forms of Businesses Exploring the World of Business Section 2.1 A corporation must obtain a charter. charter Legal permission to operate. Home Glencoe Accounting

Key Terms accounting system manual accounting system Accounting: The Universal Language of Business Section 2.2 Key Terms accounting system manual accounting system computerized accounting system GAAP financial reports financial accounting management accounting business entity accounting period going concern Home Glencoe Accounting

The Accounting System Manual Accounting System Accounting: The Universal Language of Business Section 2.2 Manual Accounting System Two types of accounting systems Computerized Accounting System accounting system Designed to collect, document, and report on financial transactions affecting the business. manual accounting system When accounting information is processed by hand. computerized accounting system When accounting information is processed by recording it into a computer. Home Glencoe Accounting

GAAP (generally accepted accounting principles) The Accounting System Accounting: The Universal Language of Business Section 2.2 What Is GAAP? GAAP (generally accepted accounting principles) The set of rules that all accountants use to prepare financial reports. Home Glencoe Accounting

financial reports? The Accounting System What Are financial reports Accounting: The Universal Language of Business Section 2.2 What Are financial reports? financial reports Documents that present summarized information about the financial status of a business. Home Glencoe Accounting

Using Accounting Reports for Making Business Decisions Accounting: The Universal Language of Business Section 2.2 Individuals outside the business who have an interest in the business Two groups that use accounting reports Individuals inside the business Home Glencoe Accounting

Using Accounting Reports for Making Business Decisions Accounting: The Universal Language of Business Section 2.2 Those interested in the financial accounting reports of a business include: Local, state, and federal government Employees, consumers, and competitors Investors financial accounting The type of accounting that focuses on reporting information to external users. Home Glencoe Accounting

Using Accounting Reports for Making Business Decisions Accounting: The Universal Language of Business Section 2.2 Purchasing decisions Hiring decisions Production decisions Payments Sales Collections Management accounting reports are prepared for managers involved in: management accounting The type of accounting that focuses on reporting information to management; often referred to as accounting for internal users of accounting information. Home Glencoe Accounting

Accounting Assumptions Accounting: The Universal Language of Business Section 2.2 GAAP Assumptions business entity The accounting assumption that a business exists independently of its owner’s personal holdings. The accounting records and reports are maintained separately and contain financial information related only to the business. Business entity Accounting period Going concern Home Glencoe Accounting

Accounting Assumptions Accounting: The Universal Language of Business Section 2.2 GAAP Assumptions accounting period The period of time covered by an accounting report. Business entity Accounting period going concern The accounting assumption that a business is expected to operate indefinitely. Going concern Home Glencoe Accounting

Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Question 1 DePalm Pizza had the following cash transactions yesterday. Receipts (money in): Checks: $650.00, Cash $500.00 Expenditures (money out): Gas and oil for delivery vehicle $75.98, supplies $477.50, salaries $380.00, and miscellaneous expenditures $123.76. Did DePalm have a “profit” or “loss” for the day? Step 1 Calculate the total receipts. $650.00 + $500.00 = $1,150 Step 2 Calculate the total expenditures. $75.98 + $477.50 + $380.00 + $123.76 = $1,057.24 Step 3 Calculate the net profit (loss). $1,150.00 - $1,057.24 = $92.76 profit (Receipts exceed expenditures) Home Glencoe Accounting

Question 2 Sole proprietorship is the most popular form of business ownership, yet very few large businesses are sole proprietorships. Give at least two reasons to explain this. Sole proprietorships have the expertise of only the owner to call on. For example, the owner may be a great accountant but only a fair salesperson. The business has the promise of only one owner to use to try to secure money from investors or lenders. The owner bears all of the risk of loss, or unlimited liability. The owner could lose personal equity if the business fails. The most talented potential employees would tend to prefer the job security of working in larger firms. Home Glencoe Accounting

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