“The War to end all Wars” WWI

Assassination of Austria-Hungary Archduke Franz Ferdinand II Immediate Cause Assassination of Austria-Hungary Archduke Franz Ferdinand II Serbian Nationalist-”The Black Hand”

Long-Term Causes Alliance System B. Militarism C. Imperialism Triple Entente (Allies)-Great Britain, France, Russia and Serbia Triple Alliance-Germany, A-H and Italy Central Powers-Germany, A-H and Ottoman Empire B. Militarism C. Imperialism D. Nationalism

U.S. Enters the War America remains neutral Divided loyalties New immigrants, many from Germany Economic Alliances to Allies

“He kept us out of War…..SYKE!” Unrestricted Submarine Warfare Sinking of Lusitania, Sussex and Arabic Not American vessels but Americans on board Germans claim that they were not just passenger ships Use of Untersee Boats-U boats in response to British Blockade Election of 1916-Wilson defeats Hughes

Zimmerman Telegraph Telegraph from Germany to Mexico If America enters war, side with Central Powers Help us broker a deal to get Japan involved also Mexico would receive lost lands such as Arizona and Texas Intercepted, plot revealed America Outraged, vote for war easy Jeanette Rankin votes no for war First female congressman

Propaganda World War One Posters http://www.firstworldwar.com/posters/usa.htm

Life and Times You are Seventeen years older than your last entry…and the United States has just entered the Great War It is December of 1917 and you have just received a letter from a loved one serving in WWI. Write a response to that letter

Civil Liberties under attack German immigrants attacked Liberty Lettuce v. Freedom Fries Schenk v. United States (1917) Dangerous Precedent Espionage and Sedition Acts Eugene V. Debs in jail…AGAIN

Eugene v. Debs

Mobilization Selective Service Act of 1917 Mass production 24 Million register, 3 million called 400,000 African Americans in segregated Units Mass production Build supplies as quickly as possible Draft deferment for workers

Homefront War Industries Board Railroad Administration Led by Bernard Baruch Use Mass production Standardize products Fix prices Railroad Administration Fuel Administration Committee of Public Information-PR campaign Liberty loans/bonds

Homefront (Continued) U.S. Conference of Commerce Food Administration-encourage public to conserve National War Labor Board Encourage unions not to strike

War Economy Hourly wage increased Average work hours increased Enormous rise in some stocks i.e. Dupont Unions boomed Progressive income tax

Social Change Women saw more opportunities Great Migration Volunteered frequently to help effort Some Active in peace movement 19th Amendment 1920 Great Migration Pandemic Flu Kills 30 million worldwide

America Turns the Tide This is not WWII 1917-Year U.S. enters, Russia pulls out Bolshevik Revolution Germany can concentrate on one front

Convoy System Admiral Sims Heavy guard of destroyers protects ships across Atlantic Mine North Sea, corner U-Boats into mine area U-Boat attacks down by end of war

America’s Impact Doughboys aid ailing allies Belts are white and cleaned with dough or clay Germany 50 miles from Paris when U.S. enters Immediate impact-Fresh to the fight

Armistice Toll of war 9 Million dead America loses about 100,000 45,000 to war 55,000 to disease and infection 20 Million wounded 10 Million refugees $338 Billions dollars Armisitce comes on the eleventh hour of the eleventh month in 1918