Our National Legislature - Congress

What type of government exists in America? Parliamentary Monarchy Direct Democracy Republic

Republic

Our National Legislature Republic – representative democracy Translates the wishes of the people into Law

Bicameralism 2 house legislature

Bicameralism: Historical Borrowed from . . . British and Europe

Bicameralism: Practical Compromise between Big States and Small States House – Big States; population Senate – Small States; equal

Bicameralism: Theoretical One House Checks the Other House A Bill Must Pass both Houses

Reasons for Differences The House is more responsive and accountable to public will they represent less people and have shorter terms The Senate is independent from short-term political pressures longer terms provide for stability more prestigious branch Prevents Congress from becoming too powerful To resolve the conflict between large and small states

Term of Congress 2 years Starts 1st week of January following elections Current Congress 114th Jan. ‘15 – Jan. ‘17

Session of Congress When Congress meets to conduct business 1 Session each year 2 Sessions in a Term of Congress

Special Session of Congress Can be called by the President Can call either house Typically the President has called the Senate to approve treaties or confirm appointees

Current Congressional Info 46 African American, 32 Hispanic, 11 Asian and 2 Native American members 104 Female members 28 Jewish, 2 Buddhist, 2 Muslim and 1 Hindu member 7 LGBT members