13.7 Factors Affecting Series Circuits

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Presentation transcript:

13.7 Factors Affecting Series Circuits

Ohm’s Law Ohm's law: the relationship between resistance, current, and potential difference: Ohm’s Law can be described in a formula: V = IR In Summary: As resistance (R) increases, the current (I) decreases As resistance (R) decreases, the current (I) increases As voltage increases (V), the current (I) increases Where V = voltage (V) I = current (A) R = resistance (Ω)

Factors Affecting Resistance in a Series Circuit Factors that can increase the total amount of resistance in a series circuit include Connecting more loads in series rather than parallel Making the conductor longer Making the conductor thinner Using a material with a higher resistance

Factors Affecting Resistance in a Series Circuit Factors that can decrease the total amount of resistance in a series circuit include Connecting more loads in parallel rather than series Making the conductor shorter Making the conductor thicker Using a material with a lower resistance

Test your Knowledge! In circuit A, three light bulbs are connected in parallel. In circuit B, three light bulbs are connected in series. Which light bulbs will light up dimmer? Why? Solution: The Answer is in SERIES!! In series, the current goes through all 3 light bulbs which adds resistance (from the bulb) 3x in a row. In parallel, the current branches off and goes through each light bulb individually, so there is only the resistance of 1 light bulb.

Materials with Low Resistance The electronic systems in satellites or planetary rovers can generate only a certain amount of electrical energy These systems must reduce resistance as much as possible because it wastes energy Metals such as: silver, platinum and rhodium have very low internal resistance for conductors

Changing Electrical Voltage (Potential Difference) Changing the voltage between two points will also change the amount of current between two points Increasing voltage (potential difference) increases electric current. We can increase voltage in a electrical circuit by adding more energy sources (i.e. batteries) in series VS.