Civil War Battles 1861-1865

Civil War Battles 1861 1862 1863 1864 1865 Eastern Theatre Western Theatre 1863 1864 1865

1861 Fort Sumter Bull Run

Fort Sumter April 12, 1861 Confederate Victory Union Surrenders after 34 hour bombardment Beauregard commanded the South, Anderson commanded the Fort for the Union No casualties during the battle 4 Union casualties during the surrender ceremony 1 killed and 3 Wounded Starts the Civil War

Bull Run July 21, 1861 North-McDowell South- Beauregard and Johnston Confederate Victory Stonewall is Born South fails to advance and capture Washington D.C. Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson

Eastern Theatre 1862 Merrimack vs. Monitor Peninsula Campaign Antietam Fredericksburg

Angel of Marye’s Heights Fredericksburg CSA-Lee USA-Burnside Burnside is too cautious and does not take the town early. Union soldiers are forced to march through an open field to attack Confederates who were behind a wall and on top of a hill Major Union defeat Angel of Marye’s Heights Richard Kirtland

Merrimack vs. Monitor March 1862 C.S.S. Virginia(Merrimack) Battle ends in a draw U.S.S. Monitor Presence of the Monitor stops the Merrimack from stopping the U.S. Blockade

Peninsula Campaign March-July 1862 Series of Battles near Richmond, Virginia CSA-Lee USA-McClellan Objective was to take Richmond Lincoln fear D.C. is vulnerable to attack calls off McClellan Draw

Antietam September 1862 CSA- Lee USA –McClellan Lee’s Order #191 found by an Indiana Private Sunken Road Miller’s Cornfield Burnside’s Bridge More Americans die on this day, than any other battle in American history.

Western Theatre 1862 Fort Henry and Fort Donelson Shiloh New Orleans

New Orleans April 25–May 1, 1862 Battle to control the mouth of the Mississippi River USA-Farragut Farragut is able to get his ships past the defenses of New Orleans and is able to control the city and later the port. Damn the Torpedoes, Full Speed Ahead

Shiloh April 6-7, 1862 USA-Grant/Sherman CSA-Beauregard/ S.Johnston Conf. Catch Union by surprise pin them against the Tenn. River. Union regroups the second day Costly Union Victory Hornet’s Nest Bloody Pond Union Gunboats Grant criticized as a butcher

Fort Henry and Fort Donelson February 6, 1862 February 11-16, 1862 USA- Grant Two key forts along the Tennessee and Cumberland Rivers in Tennessee Both Union victories Grant issues an order of an unconditional surrender Helps with the Anaconda Plan Used both naval and army forces to win the battle Estimated Casualties 17,398 total (US 2,331; CS 15,067)

Eastern Theatre 1863 Chancerllorsville Gettysburg

Gettysburg USA-Meade CSA-Lee Turning point of the War Lee goes into battle without proper information July 1,2,3 1863 Union Victory -Lack of water for Hood’s men at Devil Den -Rebels are spotted looking for shoes in Gettysburg and the battle ensues -On the third day, The Union uses a fishhook to stop Pickett’s Charge

Fishhook Defense

Chancellorsville USA-Hooker CSA-Jackson Lee splits his forces up at Fredericksburg and has Jackson launch a surpise attack on the Union Jackson is later mistakenly shot by his own men at night Jackson dies of pneumonia as a result of the wounds Confederate Victory

Western Theatre 1863 Vicksburg Chickamauga

Vicksburg "Vicksburg is the key. The war can never be brought to a close until the key is in our pocket," said. Union President Abraham Lincoln "Vicksburg is the nail head that holds the South's two halves together," said Confederate President Jefferson Davis

Chickamauga CSA-Braxton Bragg USA-William Rosecrans CSA Victory Fought because of the need to control Chattanooga.

Vicksburg USA-Grant CSA-Pemberton Union Siege Victory Allowed the Union to control the Mississippi River

1864 Wilderness Cold Harbor Siege of Petersburg Atlanta Sherman’s March to the Sea

Cold Harbor May 31 - June 12, 1864 CSA Lee USA Grant Virginia, near Richmond Grant orders an all out assault against the Confederates Confederate Victory 7 Union casualty to 1 Confederate casualty Grant underestimates the fighting spirit of the South Grant criticized as being a butcher

Siege of Petersburg Most of 1864 USA-Grant CSA-Lee Near Richmond Spring of 1864 to Spring 1865 Trench Battles For the control of the railroad that leads to Richmond Penn. Miners decide to dig a tunnel under the Confederates and fill it with gun powder and blow them up. Draw

Wilderness May 5-7, 1864 USA Grant CSA Lee Fought near Chancerlorsville in a dense woods Soldiers get lost in the woods and fighting is very brutal. Draw, but the U.S. does not pull away like it usually does. Grant will fight Lee. Estimated Casualties: 29,800 total (US 18,400; CS 11,400)

Atlanta July 22, 1864 Estimated Casualties: USA-Sherman CSA-Hood Key city of the South Atlanta is partially burned by the troops Union Victory Starts Sherman’s March to the Sea Estimated Casualties: 12,140 total (US 3,641; CS 8,499)

Sherman’s March to the Sea Nov-Dec 1864 Starts in Atlanta: Go to Savannah, Georgia Destroy all factories or anything that has military need. Total war US soldiers forage for food Union Victory Interactive Map

1865 Beginning of the End Five Forks Fall of Richmond Fall of Petersburg Appomattox Courthouse