Andrew Fiora and Sarah Draper Story In The Rocks! Andrew Fiora and Sarah Draper

Weathering Weathering involves 2 processes, chemical and physical. Chemical Weathering involves chemical change in some of minerals within rock. Physical weathering physically breaks up rocks into fragments without changing chemical makeup. •A good example of weathering is the Grand Canyon. The Colorado River has been shaping it for thousands of years.

Erosion • Erosion is when rock particles break off of one another and move. •The main agents of erosion are wind, glaciers, running water and waves. -Gravity is the force of attraction between all masses in the universe. Gravity is why eroded material falls downhill. •Sheet erosion is erosion by sheets of running water rather than streams.

Sediments and Deposition Sediment is material that settles at the bottom of a liquid such as an ocean. Deposition is how these sediments are deposited into the liquid.

The Rock Cycle The rock cycle is a model that describes how rocks change formations, breakdown, and reform. Rocks can change from metamorphic to igneous to sedimentary.

3 Ways Rocks Can Form Molten material called magma cools and hardens. Rock particles are deposited into the water and cementation occurs. Alteration of other rocks through temperature and pressure induced changes in the minerals.

Igneous Rock Igneous rocks are formed either underground or above ground. Either before or after a volcano erupts. Magma then becomes trapped in small pockets While the magma cools it becomes igneous rock.

Sedimentary Rock Sedimentary rocks are formed when deposited sediment hardens into and usually forms in layers. These rocks are also most likely to contain fossils. Vocabulary: Deposition- how material is deposited into a liquid Sediment-mineral or organic matter deposited by water air or ice

Fossils Fossils are any remains, impressions, or any trace of a living thing from a past geologic age. Fossils form when organisms that have died and have then become banned into sediment layers. The organism decomposes over time, but the imprint is always there unless weathering and erosion ruin it.

Law of Superposition This law states that any undisturbed sequence of rocks deposited in layers, the oldest rock is on the bottom and the newest rock is on the top.

Metamorphic Rock Metamorphic rocks form through other types of rocks (sedimentary or igneous) going through extreme heat and pressure.

Geologic Time Scale The geologic time scale describes the relationship between events that have occurred during the history of the Earth. This time scale shows that the Earth is estimated to be about 4 billion years old.