Basic concept of Submarine Cable International route and maintenance systems www.AssignmentPoint.com

Sub-Sea Make Up

High fiber counts possible 876 fibers Fiber ribbons Dielectric central member Filled buffer tube Water-blocking material Outer strength members

Special Equipments for Construction (Cableship Segero) Main Particulars Launch : 1998.4 Gross Ton : 8,300 T Length :115.8m Beam : 20m Accommodation: 63 Endurance : 12,000nm

Special Equipments for Construction (Plough) The Plough is designed for the installation and burial submarine cables at same time to protect the cable

Special Equipments for Construction (ROV) Remotely operated vehicles (ROV), plough typed vehicle, can be used for the difficult working area like the junction of cables and of re-burial working after repairing the present cables.

Visualise - 3D again Generic repair in 4000 metres of water Not enough slack - need to cut drive slowly across the line of the cable allowing time for things to settle

Cable hooked - picking up

Cable cut off the bottom

Recovering graps - going round again

1st holding drive with new grap depth of water from the cut

Cable hooked - picking up

1st end buoyed off Ground rope and anchors Second holding drive has been done

NEXT SLIDE IS SLOW WHAT ABOUT THE PROBLEMS THAT WE FACE

NEXT SLIDE IS SLOW WHAT ABOUT THE PROBLEMS THAT WE FACE

Pacific Rim Connection

Eastern Africa Submarine Cable System (EASSy) Zanzibar Mahajanga Mtunzini

Zanzibar Malaba

Global Connectivity SEA ME WE 3 SAT-3/WASC SAFE 1 2 3 4 16 23 7 8 17 5 20 16 7 8 SAFE 23 5 6 17 9 25 10 22 24 21 11 19 15 14 18 13 12

Strategic Global Coverage 56 Countries Germany Japan SEA-ME-WE-3 (35Countries) Portugal ATLANTIS-2 (6 Countries) India Egypt Malaysia Senegal EASSy (11 Countries) Brazil Merely just looking at the connectivity available from systems immediately around Africa, through SAT-3/WASC/SAFE, Atlantis-2 and SMW3, African countries can have direct broadband cable access to at least 50 countries – ranging from South Americas, Europe & Asia, Australasia, etc. In fact direct cable connectivity is available to all continents of the world – enabling business and to set up operations with the same measure of connectivity available to the global base as with any other first world region of the world. Australia SAFE (5 Countries) SAT-3 / WASC (11 Countries) South Africa

International Submarine Cable Submarine Cables in North East Asia

Korea-Japan Cable Network KJCN Map