Monasticism and Christianity

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Presentation transcript:

Monasticism and Christianity

Heritage of the Roman Empire 4th c.: Christianity became the official religion of the Roman Empire 5th c.: Rome conquered by Germanic tribes  desintegration of the Roman Empire Triumphal Arch

Baptists A group of religious Jews that were practising baptism – St. John the Baptist Baptizien (greek) = immerse Christos = anointed

Eucharisty Unleavened bread and wine

Ekklesiá = public gathering Presbyteroi (greek) = elders Presbytery (choir) = a part of a church reserved for the officiating clergy Episkopos (greek) = overseer  bishop Basilica (ancient Rome) = market/ law court Persecution of christians  cult of martyrs and reliques – considered protectors, canonized

Crypt= half-sunk space under the choir used for the cult of saints or for burials

Koinos bios (greek) = common life  monastery Abba (arameic) = father  abbot

Benedictines Benedictus = blessed 6th c., Monte Cassino (Italy) – Appollo´s temple converted into a christian sanctuary A copy of the rule to Aachen (8th c.)  binding for the reform of the imperial monasticism

Creation of the State ~ Christianization Church- transformation of ancient culture for the needs of new societies BAPTISM – first accepted by the HIGHEST REPRESENTANTS of emerging state powers as a part of their LEGITIMITY – Central Europe, 9th/ 10th c.

Creation of the State ~ Christianization 9th c. Bohemia: DUCES – Bohemia = individual principalities Bořivoj (+ 889) – 1st historically known Premyslid – church at the Prague Castle St. Ludmila

Creation of the State ~ Christianization BOLESLAV I. 935-972 Princes – backed down/ were expulsed/ were liquidated 950 one DUCE (prince) CHURCH – from GROUPS OF PRIESTS BY CASTLE CHURCHES St. Václav/ Wenceslas

Creation of the State ~ Christianization Monasteries – since Boleslav II – St George´s Monastery, Břevnov Monastery Fusion of state and church power – eternal prince St. Wenceslas St. George (Jiří)

St. George´s Monastery St. Adalbert/ Vojtěch 972 Prague bishopric founded by the benedictine St. George´s Monastery Master Theodoric St. Adalbert/ Vojtěch 2nd Prague bishop Burried originally in Gnesen (historical capital of Poland) – archbishopry founded here thanks to his relics