Elements & Principles Of Design

Objectives To identify elements and principles of design To apply elements and principles of design to interiors To examine the impact of elements and principles of design on apparel decisions

Elements & Principles Elements Line Shape/Form Space Texture Color Rhythm Emphasis Balance Proportion/Scale Harmony

Elements of Design line shape--form space texture color

Elements Line A mark that is greater in length than in width Indicates direction Many different types of lines straight curved horizontal vertical diagonal

Elements Line Vertical Horizontal Dignity, discipline, strength Emphasize height in a room Make people appear more slender when used in apparel Horizontal Sense of rest, relaxation Counteract vertical lines Too many can make a room seem dull Can make a person appear heavier

Elements Line Diagonal Curved Break monotony of vertical and horizontal Help move eye around room More interesting More difficult to use Curved Portray grace, youth More relaxed and informal Livelier

Elements Shape/Form Solid objects, opposite of space Free space does not exist Shape 2-dimensional (length, width) geometric organic (free flowing) Form 3-dimensional (length, width, depth)

Elements Shape/Form Everyone has his or her own shape/form and should consider this when purchasing apparel rectangle-little difference in bust/chest, waist and hip measurements hourglass-balanced from top to bottom; bust/chest and hips about equal, waist smaller in measurement triangle-(pear shaped) bottom heavy, small bust/chest, narrow shoulders inverted triangle-broad shoulders, full bust/wide chest, narrow lower body

What types of clothing look best on your shape? Elements Shape/Form What is your body shape? What types of clothing look best on your shape?

Elements Space Total area a person can see Large shapes and forms break up space Area around shape/form is called negative space

Elements Texture Surface quality of textile or finish Can be apparent (visual) or tactile (touch) Kinds of texture rough smooth dull shiny soft

Elements Color Light reflected off objects Can have strong emotional and psychological impact Main characteristics hue (name) value (how light or dark) intensity (how bright or dull)

Elements Color WARM colors: red—orange—yellow active, exciting, aggressive COOL colors: blue—violet—green calming, restful, passive

Elements Color Wheel warm cool

Elements Color primary secondary intermediate

Principles of Design balance rhythm emphasis proportion—scale harmony

Principles Balance Distribution of visual weight Creates a sense of rest and equilibrium Equality between opposite elements Two types symmetrical—(formal balance) exactly same on both sides asymmetrical—(informal balance) balanced, but each side is different

Principles Rhythm Repetition of one or more design elements Creates a feeling of organized movement, sense of order Used to guide eye through design, provide direction Example: collection of vases displayed on a shelf, row of buttons on garment or stripes

Principles What type of balance does this room have? Where is the rhythm in this room?

Principles Emphasis “Center of interest,” “focal point,” catches the viewers’ attention Element that has been exaggerated or centralized to draw viewers’ eye Example: fire place, vase of flowers, artwork piece of jewelry, scarf, hair clip

What area of this room is Why do you think this has Principles What area of this room is your eye drawn to? Why do you think this has become the focal point?

Principles Proportion/Scale Relationship of parts to each other and to design as a whole Size, amount, number relate well with each other Relationship between size and shape; shape and surroundings

Is this area well-proportioned Compare the size and scale Principles Is this area well-proportioned or disproportioned? Compare the size and scale of the objects in the room to one another

Principles Harmony/Unity Unity + Variety = Harmony Unity-everything works together Variety-design is not boring, several elements used to hold viewers attention

Principles Harmony Discuss the design of this room Are all of the elements harmonious? Why or why not?

Principles Discuss how texture and color can affect one’s emotions or feelings about a room, garment or object. How do people express themselves through design?

Quiz Name the four types of lines. Describe the difference in symmetrical and asymmetrical balance. Emphasis refers only to a brighter color. Answers: Vertical, Horizontal, Diagonal, Curved Symmetrical—(formal balance) exactly same on both sides Asymmetrical—(informal balance) balanced, but each side is different B. False A. True B. False

Quiz Harmony = _________ + __________ Give two examples of rhythm not discussed in the presentation. Which of the following is not a correct definition of balance? Answers: 4. Unity + Variety 5. Answers will vary 6. D. Ending figure in your checkbook A. distribution of visual weight B. creates a sense of rest and equilibrium C. equality between opposite elements D. ending figure in your checkbook

Acknowledgements Production Coordinators Allison Mangold The Curriculum Center for Family and Consumer Sciences Texas Tech University. hs.ttu.edu/ccfs Color Matters® - Design-Art. 2002. www.colormatters.com/colortheory.html Vogue Patterns. 2002. www.voguepatterns.com/vpm/figure/figurem.htm Production Coordinators Allison Mangold Production Manager Geoff Scott Executive Producer G.W. Davis © MMIII, MMIV CEV Multimedia, Ltd.