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Environmental Monitoring A presentation on Environmental Monitoring (Definition, Objectives, Methods and Techniques) Course no-405 Submitted to Dr. Md. Abu Taiyeb Chowdhury Professor Submitted by (Group-D) Md. Robiul Hussain-10603040 Binti Nath-09603015 Nasrin Akhter-10603020 Shwamshan Kumar-10603007 Department of Geography and Environmental Studies University of Chittagong

Environmental Monitoring is defined as the observation of the presence of harmful factors such as toxins, bacteria, chemicals and other pollutants in a specific location. According to P. Venugopala Rao, “Environmental monitoring means collecting a representative portion of water, waste or air from an area to ascertain its quality and characteristics.”

Environmental Monitoring System 1 8 / 2 & / 1 2 1 / 8 1 / 28 18 31 16 30 29 18 18 29 18 29 / 1 / / 5 / / 1 / / 9 / / 5 / 1 / 8 / / 7 / & 1 / 9 20 20 5 20 20 7 10 5 28 1 1 28 20 20 . T : . : : 9 8 30 2 8 27 27 27 20 27 7 21 15 13 30 2 20 13 30 30 29 28 28 28 2 30 2 2 29 30 29 / 9 18 / 29 7 / 7 28 4 11 18 / 12 / 9 29 7 / 12 / 9 / 29 7 21 14 24 17 31 7 14 10 3 6 13 20 27 21 28 16 23 30 7 9 2 5 12 19 26 9 12 TT 27 10 / 21 / 8 TT 10 / 20 7 / / 7 / / / 2 30 . . / 13 / 16 / 7 / 31 10 16 / 31 10 / 10 TT 10 / 20 8 TT 31 / 20 7 10 / Environmental Monitoring System

Objectives of Environmental Monitoring To establish a base-line of exposure. To co-relate with a suspected source of contamination. To estimate the changes in levels of the pollutants in the environment. Confirming and reconfirming the success of the pollution control measures. Collection of meaningful and relevant information. Know the nature and degree of pollution from various sources. Recommendation of improves mitigation measures to be undertaken.

Objectives of Environmental Monitoring

Purpose of Environmental Monitoring Adopt and design specific purification plants Check the industries for compliance(as per the regulations) of emission standards. To prevent health hazards and disasters. Progressively improving the state of the environment.

Purpose of Environmental Monitoring

Methods of Environmental Monitoring There are no core indicators The "best" method is not necessarily the appropriate method Indicators must be chosen on the basis of the hypotheses of the program Field and analytical methods must be comparable in terms of precision Analysis cannot compensate for poor experimental design Design, sampling, analysis, and reporting need to be integrated Quality control is a necessary component of any sampling program

Methods of Environmental Monitoring

Types of Environmental Monitoring Occupational Target Factor Integrated Area Personal Bio Source Media Ambient Trend Fig: Classification of Environmental Monitoring

Techniques of Environmental Monitoring Instrumental technique Sound level meter Geiger counter Therometer Oxygen meter Hydrometer Calorimeter Chemical analysis (through mechanical device) Atomic absorption spectroscopy Infrared spectra photometry Gas chromatography Chemical analysis Biological system Hybrid system

Techniques of Environmental Monitoring Instrumental technique Biological system Chemical analysis Hybrid system Sound level meter Therometer oxygen meter Calorimeters Oxygen meter Geiger counter Hydrometer Here volumetic, gravimetic and colourmatic analysis done Through mechanical device Atomic absorption spectophotometric Infra red spectrometric Gas chromatography

Conclusion It provides scientific raw data for detecting long-term changes in the monitored environment over time. Monitoring allows the early identification of potentially significant effects (i.e., early trends which could become serious) Protection of human health and life. Progressively improving the state of the environment.

Photograph of few Instrument used in Monitoring Chemical Analysis of Environmental Monitoring Instrumental Technique of Environmental Monitoring

Photograph of few Instrument used in Monitoring 4 in 1 Multi-function environment meter Environmental monitoring equipment

REFERENCES Aritola, J.F.; Pepper, I.L.; et.al.(2004) Environmental Monitoring and Characterization, Elsevier academic Press, San Diego. Singh, S. (2004) Environmental Geography, Prayag Pustak Bhawan, Allahabad. Saxena, H.M. (2004) Environmental Geography, Rawat Publications, New Delhi. Wiersma, J.B. (2004) Environmental Monitoring, CRC Press, USA. http://www.envnetwork.smu.ca/documents/Env_Mon_Overview_and_Significance.pdf (last visited on 23/05/13 at 9pm) http://www.ku.edu.np/aec/envs402/eia%20chapter%207.2%20%20monitoring%20measures.pdf (last visited on 23/05/13 at 9pm) http://www.astcp.scot.nhs.uk/QASIG/environmental%20monitoring.pdf (last visited on 23/05/13 at 9pm) http://emeict11dula.blogspot.com/2011/07/environmental-scanning-and-monitoring.html (last visited on 23/05/13 at 9pm) http://www.forwiki.ro/wiki/Practices:Environmental_Scanning_%26_Monitoring (last visited on 23/05/13 at 9pm) http://forlearn.jrc.ec.europa.eu/guide/4_methodology/meth_environmental-scanning.htm (last visited on 23/05/13 at 9pm) http://www.hudsonwatershed.org/pdf/monitoring_to_meet_objectives.pdf (last visited on 23/05/13 at 9pm) http://www.ehow.com/list_5920347_environmental-monitoring-techniques.html (last visited on 23/05/13 at 9pm)

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