Density Density: the ratio of the mass of an object to its volume.

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Density is the ratio of the mass of an object to its volume.

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Presentation transcript:

Density Density: the ratio of the mass of an object to its volume. = mass volume Density is an intensive property that depends only on the composition of a substance, not on the size of the sample.

Density A 10.0 cm3 piece of lead has a mass of 114 g. What is the density of lead?

Density Water is an exception The density of a substance generally decreases as its temperature increases. Water is an exception Does that mean it is expanding or shrinking if the density is decreasing? expanding

Density Problems A copper penny has a mass of 3.1 g and a volume of 0.35 cm3. What is the density of copper?

Density Problems A student finds a shiny piece of metal that she thinks is aluminum. In the lab, she determines that the metal has a volume of 245 cm3 and a mass of 612 g. Calculate the density. Is the metal aluminum?

Use Dimensional Analysis 14.8 g of boron to cm3 of boron. The density of boron is 2.34 g/cm3.

Use Dimensional Analysis What is the volume of a pure silver coin that has a mass of 14 g? The density of silver is 10.5 g/cm3.

Use Dimensional Analysis 10 mL of mercury to g of mercury. The density of mercury is 13.5 g/mL.

Density is Directly Proportional As the value of one variable increases, the other must also increase As the value of one variable decreases, the other must also decrease The graph of a direct proportion is a straight line. The slope of the line = density. mass volume Equation for line: y=mx + b m = slope (density) b = y intercept

Error = experimental value - accepted value Determining Error Accepted Value: the correct value based on reliable references Experimental Value: the value measured in the lab Error = experimental value - accepted value Percent Error = [error] x 100 accepted value