Intro to Archeology Fri, Sept 9 Mon, Sept 12 On a piece of loose leaf paper, write down 3 key things to remember from the syllabus

Put signed syllabus in class tray Take out your binder and tabs Do Now Put signed syllabus in class tray Take out your binder and tabs Tab 1: Class Documents (put syllabus here) Tab 2: Notes/Handouts: Tape together your Timeline of Human History and put in Tab 3: Homework (for example, Letter to Ms. Bell) Tab 4 Graded Work

Chronology Terms Decade: Century: Millennium: CE/BCE:

How Do We Know What Happened Thousands of Years Ago? Archeology!

Daily Objectives Students will understand what an archeologists does and how they use fossils and artifacts to tell us about prehistoric times Students will know the names, time periods, and characteristics of several hominids Students will be able to make observations and inferences about artifacts

Do Now Pick out 1 item that you have on you or in your backpack, Place these items on your desk What conclusions will the class be able to draw about you based on these artifacts? What information would be impossible to know from the items in the backpack? Are all guesses accurate? Why not?

Archeology Terms Archeology: Science of uncovering clues about early human life Make observations: something one has seen, heard, or noticed. Make inferences: educated guesses based on observations

Vocabulary of Archeology Archeologists Observation Inference Artifacts Fossils Site

Fossils/Artifacts Fossils are remains of living things (plants, animals, people), not of things that were made. Artifacts are remains of things that were made, not the remains of living things.

What is a site? A "site" is a place archaeologists wish to explore. At the site, archaeologists literally dig, looking for the remains of ancient civilizations. That is why they call the site at which they are working a “dig”.

Grids & Labeling Before they begin digging, archaeologists design a grid on the ground using rope and string. Each square in the grid must be carefully searched. A record must be kept of anything found, including what was found next to it.

Dating Artifacts & Fossils Process called Carbon Dating

How Carbon Dating Works https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=phZeE7Att_s

Hominids Hominids: humans and other creatures that walk upright

Hominids

Australopithecus afarensis: 3.9-3.0 million years ago early hominid, fossils only found in Africa Brain 1/3 of the size of a modern human Bipedal Simple Tools

Homo habilis: 1.9-1.5 million years ago “handy man” for its tool-making ability Slightly larger brain than Australopithecus Stone tools

Homo erectus “Upright Man” 1.6 million - 30,000 B.C.E., brain size a bit larger than homo habilis first to use fire, used tools to hunt, spoken language, first to migrate

Homo sapien neanderthalensis 230,000-30,000 years ago Some scientists think it is unrelated to humans Different brain shape, similar size to modern humans Pointed, sharp tools

Homo Sapien Sapien: scientific name meaning “Wise Man” lived from about 200,000 B.C.E. to today, brain size of modern humans specialized tools

You Be the Archeologist 8 Stations

Let’s Check

Common Ancestor http://www.history.com/shows/mankind-the-story-of-all-of-us/videos/mankind-the-story-of-all-of-us-the-earliest-humans?m=518971d79ac04 http://www.history.com/shows/mankind-the-story-of-all-of-us/videos/mankind-the-story-of-all-of-us-the-earliest-humans?m=518971d79ac04

Paleolithic Means Old Stone Age What do you think of you think of cave men? Why?

Tracing Mankind’s Origins

Visual Discovery

Visual Discovery

Characteristic of Hunter-Gatherer Society Nomadic (moved in search of water, food, and shelter) Invented the first tools and simple weapons Discovered Fire Lived in clans (groups of people who live together) Oral language Created “cave art”

Cave Art

Paleolithic Life Nomadic:

Paleolithic Life Fire http://www.history.com/shows/mankind-the-story-of-all-of-us/videos/mankind-the-story-of-all-of-us-fire

Hunter-Gatherer People or societies in which most or all food is obtained from wild plants and animals, not farming or raising animals

Paleo Diet On Diet: Not on diet: dairy products grains legumes processed oils refined sugar Alcohol Coffee Soft drinks