Reform Movements.

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Presentation transcript:

Reform Movements

Second Great Awakening Nathaniel Taylor and Charles Finney Large, camp style meetings Loud, fiery speeches Encouraged ordinary people to convert others People noticed social evils around them

Women’s Movement Women could not: vote, own property, initiate divorce or create a will 1840 London- Women’s movement born: Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott met 1848 Seneca Falls Convention- Seneca Falls , New York-> Declarations of Sentiments created Grievances: Career opportunities denied women, suffrage, own property, etc. All 12 resolutions passed

Temperance Movement Alcohol common- used for payment and to ease pain Public intoxication, binge drinking, spousal abuse, family neglect Temperance movement- severely limit or end the consumption of alcohol John Bartholomew Gough, Susan B. Anthony, Elizabeth Cady Stanton By 1850s laws placing limits on sale of alcohol Lost momentum during the Civil War

Transcendentalism People have knowledge about themselves and the world around them that goes beyond what they can see, hear, taste, touch and feel. Many authors such as George Ripley, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Margaret Fuller, Walt Whitman, Henry David Thoreau Led American experiment of individualism and self- reliance Took stands on women’s rights, abolition, reform, and education Criticized government, organized religion, laws, social institutions, and industrialization

Education Reform 1827 Horace Mann Schools - small, one room and only boys attended Before reform: Mostly in the North, only 6 weeks, only boys, untrained teachers Persuaded Massachusetts to create 1st Education board Improvements: 6 months of school, boys and girls accepted, trained teachers, mandatory attendance

Prison Reform Dorothea Dix Prison over crowding Cell were unheated, unfurnished and reeked of human waste Prisoners of all ages kept together Appealed to Massachusetts legislature in 1843 Strict reforms were set forth and juvenile detention centers were created

Abolition Movement( change Education Reform to Abolition Movement) Since beginning of colonies slaves had been used and the idea of freeing them as well 1831- William Lloyd Garrison founded The Liberator, a weekly abolitionist newspaper. Former slave, Frederick Douglas wrote an autobiography and gave speeches, he founded The North Star Sojourner Truth, a former slave traveled about giving speeches Angelina and Sarah Grimke, sisters who owned a plantation and freed their slaves

Mental Health Reform Dorothea Dix Went in to prisons to teach found many mentally ill people were kept in there as well Confined to cages, beat with rods, lashed into obedience 1841- crusaded for separate facilities to house the mentally ill and humane treatment of them