JOINT MANAGEMENT OF SHARED RESOURCES: NORTH WEST SAHARA AQUIFER SYSTEM PRESENTATION DU BASSIN JOINT MANAGEMENT OF SHARED RESOURCES: NORTH WEST SAHARA AQUIFER SYSTEM Djamel Latrech OSS

NORTH WEST SAHARA AQUIFER SYSTEM Algeria, Libya and Tunisia PRESENTATION OF THE BASIN NORTH WEST SAHARA AQUIFER SYSTEM Algeria, Libya and Tunisia Partners: Observatoire du Sahara et du Sahel (OSS), GEF, UNEP, SDC-Switzerland, FFEM-France

NWSAS LIMITES

WEST – EAST SECTION

LOW RECHARGE (1 Billion of m3/year) MOBILISATION CONDITIONS LOW RECHARGE (1 Billion of m3/year) WATER QUALITY PROTECTION (esp. salinisation) PUMPING DEPTH LIMIT(100m) PROTECTION OF OASES SOIL AVAILABILITY AND QUALITY LOW EXPLOITABLE VOLUMES - 2.5 Billion m3/y SIGNIFICANT RESERVES - 60 Trillion m3

PAST DEVELOPMENT AND FUTURE NEED FOR EXPLOITATION

WATER POINTS EVOLUTION :1960

WATER POINTS EVOLUTION : 1970

WATER POINTS EVOLUTION : 1980

WATER POINTS EVOLUTION : 1990

WATER POINTS EVOLUTION : 2000

Total Abstraction in the NWSAS Abstraction > Recharge ABSTRACTION EVOLUTION 0,3 0,6 0,9 1,2 1,5 1,8 2,1 2,4 2,7 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 Total Abstraction in the NWSAS Billion m3/year LIBYE TUNISIE ALGERIE Abstraction > Recharge

APPROACH OF THE NWSAS PROJECT

COOPERATION AND TECHNICAL EXCHANGE PERMANENT CONSULTATION MECHANISM SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT NEED FOR NWSAS BASIN MANAGEMENT KNOWLEDGE/INFORMATION CONTROL COOPERATION AND TECHNICAL EXCHANGE PERMANENT CONSULTATION MECHANISM BASIN AWARENESS

IDENTIFIED PROBLEMS AND RISK AREAS BY PHASE I STUDIES

ABSTRACTION CONSEQUENCE - Water and soil salinisation  - Disapearance of artesian wells   - Excessive pumping height   - Depletion (Outlet and Foggaras)  - Increased Interference between and among countries  

Chotts Syrte Jufrah Oued Mya NWSAS Map of RISKS Chotts Exutoire Tunisien Syrte Bassin Artésien Jufrah Oued Mya Bassin Occidental

BILATERAL COMMISSIONS AVAILABLE FOR DECISION MAKERS PROJECT RESULTS- PHASE I : 1999 -2002 PREVIOUS SITUATION BILATERAL COMMISSIONS DECISION MAKERS’ WILL FOR COOPERATION LACK OF TECHNICAL DATA TO SUPPORT FURTHER COOPERATION PRESENT SITUATION TECHNICAL DATA CONSULTATION TOOLS AVAILABLE FOR DECISION MAKERS e.g. risk analysis

OBJECTIVES AND PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF THE UNEP/GEF-SDC-FFEM PROJECT PHASE II : 2003 - 2005 OBJECTIVES AND PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF THE UNEP/GEF-SDC-FFEM PROJECT

TO SHIFT FROM TECHNICAL LEVELTO POLICY LEVEL GEF/UNEP/SDC/FFEM OBJECTIVES : 2003 - 2005 TO CONSOLIDATE HYDRAULIC STUDY RESULTS WITH THE INTEGRATION OF THE SOCIO ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION/DATA TO PROPOSE OPTIONS FOR A STRATEGY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, INVOLVE RELEVANT SECTORS, inter alia, Agriculture, Environment, ＡｌｌSTAKEHOLDERS and NGOS TO SHIFT FROM TECHNICAL LEVELTO POLICY LEVEL

Very high water consumption : 6 000 to 25 000 m3/ha/year SOCIO ECONOMY Very high water consumption : 6 000 to 25 000 m3/ha/year Low performance of irrigation techniques with water loss Excessive fragmentation of irrigated land Lack of maintenance of drainage Soils Not fertilised Main actors are family members Women managing the irrigated land are limited (less than 5%).

Possible problems of future water abstraction: - Increased water cost SOCIO ECONOMY Possible problems of future water abstraction: - Increased water cost - Conflicts over allocation and fixing of ｗａｔｅｒ price - Reduction in irrigation amount - Soil salinisation (need for wash-out and drainage)   Possible problems asscoaited with reduced agriculture productivity: - Reduction of income of farmers - Increased poverty of farmers  - Increased unemployment

Importance of wetland and their fragility Serious soil salinisation RECOMMENDATIONS ON ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES Importance of wetland and their fragility Serious soil salinisation Future need for restriction of agricultural development due to soil loss and degradation Need for a joint survey

Institutionalising water saving policy: Rational resource management POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS Institutionalising water saving policy: Rational resource management Promotion of water-saving irrigation techniques Utilisation of non conventional waters Diversification of regional economy Adoption of policy of pricing and investment support

CONSULTATION MECHANISM

APPROACH FOR THE CONSULTATION MECHANISM Initial development (Rome, December 2002): development of monitoring indicators, development of database and models, promotion of studies, research and training Perspective for future evolution of the Mechanism Cooperation among technicians and building of mutual confidence Strategy for an integrated vision for sustainable management Solidarity facing the risks Involvement of decision makers

TERMS OF REFERENCES WITH LEGAL FRONT CONSULTATION MECHANISM PERMANENT STRUCTURE Formalized agreements or conventions on protection of the risk areas Exchange protocoles and data management Common networks of monitoring and financing modalities on national budgets Periodical updating of the management models Production of monitoring indicators of the NWSAS (Hydraulic, Agriculture, Economy, Environment) Annual meeting of the decision makers TERMS OF REFERENCES WITH LEGAL FRONT

Stakeholder involvement CONSULTATION MECHANISM ACQUISITION Common Inf.System Significant data Knowledge Updating Identified Risks Monitoring networks Stakeholder involvement AGREEMENTS STRUCTURE Formalisation of consensus on Data updating Financing Exchange protocole Type of structure Status Attributions Consultation Mechanism NWSAS Sustainable management

DRAFT PROPOSAL SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE PERMANENT SECRETARIAT STEERING COMMITTEE NATIONAL COMMITTEES

ＤＲＡＦＴPROPOSAL PROPOSED ACTIVITIES 1 Annual report on NWSAS state 2 Updating of common database 3 Training session 4 Reinforcing of common survey networks 5 Authority forums on water management: agriculture, environment, Regional development 6 Organisation of tripartite consultation meetings 7 Model expolitation 8 Development of indicators on the resource availability and use 9 Dissemination of resource monitoring indicators 10 Information and awareness PROPOSED ACTIVITIES 10