OROS-methylphenidate efficacy on specific executive functioning deficits in adults with ADHD: A randomized, placebo-controlled cross-over study  Tannetje I. Bron, Denise Bijlenga, A. Marije Boonstra, Minda Breuk, Willem F.H. Pardoen, Aartjan T.F. Beekman, J.J. Sandra Kooij  European Neuropsychopharmacology  Volume 24, Issue 4, Pages 519-528 (April 2014) DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2014.01.007 Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. and ECNP Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Flowchart of the 6-weeks procedure and randomizations of our double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over study, with every subject receiving both treatments. Note: n=group size; SCID=Structured Clinical Interview for DSM disorders; CPTs=continuous performance tests. European Neuropsychopharmacology 2014 24, 519-528DOI: (10.1016/j.euroneuro.2014.01.007) Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. and ECNP Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Mean delta scores on C-CPT and TOVA HRT, RTV and OE for patients having no, few or multiple EF deficits at baseline. Note: Baseline is used as the reference category, the lines illustrate the mean delta scores for baseline vs. placebo, and baseline vs. OROS-mph. * Significant difference between groups of heterogeneity at an α-level of .017, following a Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons. European Neuropsychopharmacology 2014 24, 519-528DOI: (10.1016/j.euroneuro.2014.01.007) Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. and ECNP Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Increases or decreases of self-reported ADHD symptoms as measured with the ADHD Rating Scale Total score after placebo or 72mg OROS-mph medication, as compared to baseline. Note: Baseline is used as the reference category. OROS-mph=osmotic-release methylphenidate. * Significant differences between baseline and OROS-mph at an α-level of .05 or smaller. European Neuropsychopharmacology 2014 24, 519-528DOI: (10.1016/j.euroneuro.2014.01.007) Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. and ECNP Terms and Conditions