Doug Brantley Colonel Tennessee National Guard Implications of Climate Change and Disasters on Military Activities: A Military Perspective for Supporting a Whole of Government Approach During Disaster Planning and Response Doug Brantley Colonel Tennessee National Guard

Purpose: Provide an overview of how the Military (National Guard) fits into Disaster Planning and Response as well as some constraints for the use of military personnel and assets when responding to disasters.

Diplomatic, Information, Military, and Economic (DIME) During Disaster Response: The military’s (National Guard) primary role is to support civilian authorities Communication is the largest obstacle to accomplishing this mission. Within the United States, Military response is limited by the Constitution. Military response can not cause an undue hardship on civilian companies. Diplomatic, Information, Military, and Economic (DIME) Political, Military, Economic, Social, Information, and Infrastructure (PMESII)

Military best suited to support four ESF’s: The Federal Emergency Management Agency has established 16 Emergency Support Functions (ESF’s). Military best suited to support four ESF’s: ESF-2 – Communications ESF-3 – Infrastructure ESF-6 – Human Services ESF-13 – Law Enforcement

ESF-2 – Communications - The National Guard provides support to Tennessee Emergency Management Agency (TEMA) and the Communications Director via: Manning radio stations established within the armories across the state. Establishing communications via vehicle enabled satellite tracking devices such as Blue Force Tracker. Setting up Joint Network Nodes (JNN) at key locations to provide Voice Over Internet Provider (VOIP) telephone and internet capabilities. Establishing relay stations to provide line of sight voice transmission capabilities. Providing a military Liaison to the TEMA operations center

ESF-3 – Infrastructure - The National Guard provides support to the Tennessee Department of Transportation (TDOT) by: Providing Route Clearance capabilities. Providing Debris Removal capabilities.

ESF-6 – Human Services - The National Guard provides support to TEMA and the Tennessee Department of Health Services by: Assisting with Shelter and Mass Care Operations.

ESF-13 – Law Enforcement - The National Guard provides support to Tennessee Department of Safety (TDOS), the Tennessee Highway Patrol (THP), and the Tennessee Department of Corrections (TDOC) by providing: Traffic Control Security and Crime Control Evacuation/Movement assistance Security for Institutions and Jails

National Guard Cooperation Emergency Management Assistance Compact’s Coordination with Multiple State Guard Units, Office of the Chief of Engineer’s, and FEMA to develop Engineer Disaster Response Teams

ENGINEER ASSESSMENT TEAM TASK AND PURPOSE: The EAT rapidly deploys to affected areas to assess route, infrastructure, facilities damage, estimate Engineer effort and report to JOC/JTF in order to determine number of personnel/equip required to meet relief requirements. MISSION: Assess the following: Removal of large debris from public roads Support the movement of emergency vehicles Facility structures Removal of debris to facilitate utility restoration EQUIPMENT: (2) Vehicles 2 x 4 DR HMMWV w/BFT/or FMTV(high water) 1 x 900 MHz radio set 1 x State Cell phone w/ photo capability* 1 x digital camera* 2 x chainsaw 2 x Wench Marking tape and misc supplies 2 x Fuel Cans 1 x ENFIRE (optional) * Not organic equipment. PERSONNEL: 4 Personnel 1 x LT or SFC 1 x SFC or SSG 1 x E4 (MEDIC or CLS Qual) 1 x HAZMAT qual REQUIRED SUPPORT: Self sustaining for 72 hrs Fuel must be provided in State Active Duty Status Will require maintenance support from JTF LIMITING FACTORS: 1 EAT is limited to travel and assessment of 200 miles in and 18 hr. period Multiple affected areas require additional Teams/EATs Not Professional Engineers (define more) SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS: Must coordinate with on-site municipal personnel or utility official. Limited to working public right-of-way USE IN COMBINATION WITH: Mobility Support package (provide ENGR C2 for 2 or more MSP) TF C2 package DEPLOYMENT TIMELINE: N-12 ESTIMATED DAILY COST: Fuel $4.00 X 65 gallons=$260. Personnel $450.00(Avg). Lodging $244 (Avg). Meals $164. Total: $1,118.00 ENGINEER RESPONSE TEAM (EAT) High Water Option

ENGINEER ROUTE CLEARANCE - LIGHT Engineer Response Team (ERT) TASK AND PURPOSE: The Engineer Response Team (ERT) will deploy as route and debris clearance for DSCA Operations. In support of relief operations to open roads and highways in order to facilitate the passage of emergency vehicles, first responders, and support the restoration of public utilities. MISSION: Clearing of light debris and road clearance EQUIPMENT: (9) Vehicles 1 x HMMWV w/radios and trailer 2 x Dump Truck 10/20T 1 x FMTV 2 x M983A4 Tractor w/ trailer 2 x Load Assets(METT-TC dependant) ---SSL Type II Track/BHL/HYEX/LDR 1 x Contact truck 1 x Water buffalo 3 x Chainsaw w/equip 1 x Generator 5K (optional) 1 x Winch SAT phone PERSONNEL: (16) 1 x PL/PSG (LT/SFC) 1 x M998 DVRs 2 x FMTV DVR / ADRV 2 x Transporter DVR / ADRV 4 x DUMP TRKs DVR / ADRV 2 x Equipment Operator 2 x HEMTT Fueler Operator / ADRV 2x Mechanic 4 x chain saw operators (Drvs/A Drvs) X 2 Load Asset Options(METT-TC dependant) REQUIRED SUPPORT: Fuel must be provided in State Active Duty Status 3 DOS Class I Medic or CLS cert SM LIMITING FACTORS: Approximately 8hrs (SSL) of continuous operation before requiring refuel 18hrs per day work Personnel Team does not conduct haul off operations SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS: Coordinate with on-site municipal/state personnel or utility official. Chain Saw Training USE IN COMBINATION WITH: Additional ERT’s or Task Force ESTIMATED DAILY COST: Fuel $4.00 X 600 gallons=$2,400. Personnel $1,799(Avg). Lodging $976 (Avg). Meals $656. Total: $5,831. (Fuel is based on not having support and buying commercially. If HEMTT available, fuel will come from closest FMS) DEPLOYMENT TIMELINE: N+24

ENGINEER ROUTE CLEARANCE - MEDIUM Engineer Response Team (ERT) 779th ENGINEER BATTALION– ERT – Bravo TEAM (868th and 869th Soldiers will comprise 3 Bravo ERT Teams) TASK AND PURPOSE: To deploy to an affected area to open roads and highways, protect structures, and assist in utility repair in order to facilitate emergency vehicle movement, prevent further damage, and to restore public utilities. MISSION: Open public roads over an extensive area with medium damage; Support movement of emergency vehicles; Restore protective structures; Assist in the access to utilities. Used for areas with debris clearance requirements requiring dozer, or loader. Loader expedites loading into haul away dump trucks. PERSONNEL: (30) PAX 1 x PL/PSG (LT/SFC) 1 x M998(HUMMV) DVRs 4 x Transporter DVR / ADRV 8x DUMP TRKs DRV /ADRV 2 x LMTV DRV / ADRV 2 x HEMTT Fueler Operator / ADRV 2x Mechanic 1 x Chainsaw supervisor / safety (SSG) 6 x Chainsaw operators (truck drivers) 3 x Equipment Operators (transp DRVs) EQUIPMENT: (12) Vehicles 1 x HMMWV w/radios and trailer 2 x M983A4 Tractor w/ trailer 4 x Dump Truck-10T or 20T 1 x FMTV 3 x Load Assets(METT-TC dependant) ---SSL Type II Track/BHL/HYEX/LDR 1 x HEMTT Fuel Truck (if available) 1 x Contact truck 2 x Chainsaw w/equip 1 x Pioneer Kit - PLT 1 x 900 Mhz radio SAT Cell phone X 4 Load Asset Options(METT-TC dependant) REQUIRED SUPPORT: Fuel must be provided in State Active Duty Status after 72 hrs 3 DOS Class I Medic or CLS cert SM . 1 x D7 Dozer(optional-METT-TC) LIMITING FACTORS: Approximately 16hrs (Load Assets), 18hrs (D7) continuous operation before requiring refuel 18 hrs per day work Personnel SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS: Coordinate with on-site municipal/state personnel or utility official. Chain Saw Training USE IN COMBINATION WITH: Additional ERT’s or Task Force ESTIMATED DAILY COST: Fuel $4.00 X 1200 gallons=$4,800. Personnel $3,360(Avg). Lodging $1 ,830( Avg). Meals $1,230. Total: $11,220. (Fuel is based on not having support and buying commercially if HEMTT available, fuel will come from closest FMS) DEPLOYMENT TIMELINE: N+24

ENGINEER ROUTE CLEARANCE - HEAVY Engineer Response Team (ERT) 779th ENGINEER BATTALION– ERT – Bravo TEAM (868th and 869th Soldiers will comprise 3 Bravo ERT Teams) TASK AND PURPOSE: The Engineer Response Team (ERT) will deploy as route and debris clearance for DSCA Operations. In support of relief operations to open roads and highways in order to facilitate the passage of emergency vehicles, first responders, demo unsafe structures and support the restoration of public utilities MISSION: Open public roads over an extensive area with Heavy damage; Support movement of emergency vehicles; Restore protective structures; Assist in the access to utilities. Used for areas with debris clearance requirements requiring dozer, or loader. Loader expedites loading into haul away dump trucks. EQUIPMENT: (16) Vehicles 1 x HMMWV w/radios and trailer 3 x M983A4 Tractor w/ trailer 6 x Dump Truck-10T or 20T(If needed) 2 x FMTV 5 x Load Assets(METT-TC dependant) ---SSL Type II Track/BHL/HYEX/LDR 1 x Contact Truck 6 x Chainsaw w/equip 1 x Pioneer Kit - PLT 1 x 900 Mhz radio SAT Cell phone PERSONNEL: (44) PAX 1 x PL/PSG (LT/SFC) 1 x M998(HUMMV) DVRs 6 x Transporter DVR / ADRV 12 x DUMP TRKs DRV /ADRV 4 x LMTV DRV / ADRV 2 x HEMTT Operator/ ADRV 2 x Mechanic 1 x Chainsaw supervisor / safety (SSG) 6 x Chainsaw operators (truck drivers) 9 x Equipment Operators (transp DRVs) X 2 X 6 Load Asset Options(METT-TC dependant) 1 x D7 Dozer(optional-METT-TC) REQUIRED SUPPORT: Fuel must be provided in State Active Duty Status after 72 hrs 3 DOS Class I Medic or CLS cert SM LIMITING FACTORS: Approximately 16hrs (Load Assets), 18hrs (D7/HYEX) and 8hrs (BHL) of continuous operation before requiring refuel 18 hrs per day work Personnel SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS: Coordinate with on-site municipal/state personnel or utility official. Chain Saw Training USE IN COMBINATION WITH: Additional ERT’s or Task Force ESTIMATED DAILY COST: Fuel $4.00 X 1600 gallons=$6,400. Personnel $4,928 (Avg). Lodging $2,684 (Avg). Meals $1,804. Total: $15,816. (Fuel is based on not having support and buying commercially if HEMTT available, fuel will come from closest FMS) DEPLOYMENT TIMELINE: N+24

ENGINEER Bridge – Small Gap Engineer Response Team Small Gap (ERT-SG) 779th ENGINEER BATTALION– ERT – Bravo TEAM (868th and 869th Soldiers will comprise 3 Bravo ERT Teams) TASK AND PURPOSE: The Engineer Response Team Small Gap (ERT-SG) will deploy to ensure small gaps are passable. MISSION: Emplace bridging assets up to 18.3M meters IOT ensure gap crossing for emergency and life support traffic ISO local communities during a disaster. EQUIPMENT: (3) Vehicles 1 x HMMWV w/radios 1 x Bridge (AVLB) 1 x AVLB launcher 1x Contact Truck PERSONNEL: (5) PAX 1 x NCOIC (E6) 1 x AVLB Commander 1 x AVLB operator 2x Mechanic LIMITING FACTORS: Can cover a 17.4 M(57ft) of unimproved gap and 18.3M(60ft) with prepared abutments. Bridge and Launcher must be commercial haul from point A to place of employment, otherwise max miles is 220 without requiring fuel. Can be utilized for slopes of up to 15% and side slopes of up to 8% REQUIRED SUPPORT: Fuel must be provided in State Active Duty Status after 72 hrs 2 DOS Class I One soldier is CLS cert. SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS: Coordinate with on-site municipal/state personnel or utility official May require augmentation of horizontal assets for bridge abutment improvement USE IN COMBINATION WITH: Additional ERT’s or Task Force ESTIMATED DAILY COST: Fuel $4.00 X 30 gallons=$120.00. Personnel $562.50 (Avg). Lodging $305 (Avg). Meals $205. Total: $1,192.50. DEPLOYMENT TIMELINE: N+24

ENGINEER Bridge – Large Gap Engineer Response Team Large Gap (ERT-LG) 779th ENGINEER BATTALION– ERT – Bravo TEAM (868th and 869th Soldiers will comprise 3 Bravo ERT Teams) TASK AND PURPOSE: The Engineer Response Team Large Gap (ERT-LG) will deploy to ensure large gaps are passable. MISSION: Emplace bridging assets up to 100 meters IOT ensure gap crossing for emergency and life support traffic ISO local communities during a disaster. EQUIPMENT: 2 x HMMWV w/radios and trailer (1-cargo) 6-B83002 PLS Flat Rack 5-P78313 Bridge Adapter Pallet 5-K97376 Interior Bridge Bay 6-T91308 HEMTT, CBT 6-T93761 PLS Trailer 3-B25476 Bridge Erection Boat 3-C33925 Improved Boat Cradle 1-B26007 Brdg Hvy Dry Sup (DSB) 1-L67660 DSB Launcher 15-B83856 15 Man Inflate Boat 3-B84404 Boat Recon 3 Man 1-W95263 TRLR 3 ½ Ton 2-R10527 Ramp Bridge Bay SAT Cell phone EQUIPMENT: 5-P34402 Outboard Motor 1-T93271 MTV, LWB 1-U60216 Bridge Suppl Set 1-W48348 SQD Pioneer 1-W95263 TRLR 3 ½ Ton SAT Cell phone PERSONNEL: (58) PAX 2 x PL/PSG (LT/SFC) 56 x 12C Bridge Crew Members REQUIRED SUPPORT: Fuel must be provided in State Active Duty Status after 72 hrs 3 DOS Class I One soldier is CLS cert. LIMITING FACTORS: This is a float bridging, not fixed bridging asset. SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS: Coordinate with on-site municipal/state personnel or utility official May require augmentation of horizontal assets for bridge abutment improvement USE IN COMBINATION WITH: Additional ERT’s or Task Force ESTIMATED DAILY COST: Fuel $3.50 X 60 gallons(MOGAS)=$210, Fuel $4.00 x 610 gallons(JP8)=$2,440. Personnel $6,525 (Avg). Lodging $3,538(Avg). Meals $2,378. Total: $15,931. DEPLOYMENT TIMELINE: N+24

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