Culture Week 2

AIM: How does the environment shape culture? Do Now (11/23): How does the geography of NYC shape housing practices? What do you think houses are like in the rural south? SWBAT Define cultural landscape Describe how the environment shapes housing and food decisions Identify the main styles of housing within the US

Cultural Landscape Cultural Landscape: the visible human impact on the landscape Consider… How have people changed the landscape? What buildings, statues, and so forth have they erected? How do landscapes reflect the values of a culture?

terraced rice fields in Vietnam Neighborhood canal in Venice, Italy Predjama Castle (Slovenia) built into the mountainside

Food Preferences Food preferences depend on what it suitable for that particular region Ex: Asia: rice grown in milder/moister regions, while wheat is grown in colder/drier regions Northern Europe: abundance of wood encourages slow stewing/roasting of food over flame Provides food and warmth

Food Taboos Product of environmental and social concerns Q: What are some well known food taboos? A: Pork- Jews and Muslims; Cow-Hindus

Pork Taboos: Environmental Pigs more suited for sedentary farming; spoils quickly As a result banned by Rabbis in pastoral nomadic Jewish communities Pigs unsuited for dry lands of Arabian Peninsula Would compete for resources without contributing benefits Banned by Muslims

Cow Taboo Cows produce oxen, the traditional source of pulling plows/carts in India India fields must be plowed regularly Religious sanctions keep the cow population high

Folk Housing 3 Main Types in the US New England Mid Atlantic Tidewater Folk houses are old and increasingly rare Take into consideration environment and social needs

New England Kitchen placed in the center to provide heat Large: need to do activities indoor Types of Houses Saltbox Two Chimney Cape Cod Front Wing and Gable

Saltbox Houses

Two Chimney

Cape Cod

Colonial Cape Cod

Mid-Atlantic Central Hallway Popular house to build during Westward Expansion Type of house: I-House Called I House for it’s prevalence in Indiana, Idaho, and Illinois

I-House

Tidewater Kitchen often in the basement/lower level to keep cool Often one story (will evolve into ranch style) Steep roof Sometimes on stilts Porches

Shotgun Case Study