Bell Ringer What were some issues that occurred on the home front in the north and the south?

Home front in the North Northern Economy Draft Riot Civil Liberties Income tax 3%, tariffs, government bonds Legal Tender Act Homestead Act Draft Riot Conscription – needing troops July 1863 Civil Liberties “Habeas Corpus” suspended – protects from being held in jail without charge of crime

Home front in the South Effects of Blockade Davis Struggles to Pay Union blockade 80% effective Southerners depend on own farms/factories Davis Struggles to Pay War reduced value of crops Taxes placed were resisted Paper $$$ = high inflation Southern Leaders Argue Conscription laws, seizure of property, habeas corpus

Life as a soldier

Women in the War https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=63IwfY2lR9E

Siege of Vicksburg: July 4, 1863 Last Rebel stronghold on the Mississippi River Grant besieged the city for 10 months City surrendered on July 4th IMPORTANCE Union controlled the Miss. R. South split in 2 Gettysburg & Vicksburg = turning point in favor of Union http://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/vicksburg-campaign

Civil War Overview Part II

Battle of Gettysburg: July 1-3 1863 90,000 Union troops under Gen. George Meade vs. 75,000 Rebels under Gen. Lee

Gettysburg: Day 1 Lee wanted to Collect supplies Move fighting from Virginia Threaten the North Maj. Meade moves between Lee and Washington DC Lee moves men to Gettysburg 30,000 Confederates defeat 20,000 Union who fell back south to Cemetery & Culp’s Hill http://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/american-civil-war-history/videos/gettysburg-battle-strategy

Gettysburg: Day 2 Union defends south of Gettysburg with 90,000 soldiers Confederates wrap around Union with 70,000 soldiers Lee launches heavy assault on Union throughout day Union defenders held strong positions by the end of the day

Gettysburg: Turning Point, Day 3 Fighting continues on Culp’s Hill 12,000 Confederates fight in the center of Union fire – Pickett’s Charge Lee retreats back to Virginia 51,000 soldiers killed, wounded, captured or missing http://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/george-g-meade/videos

Aftermath and Impact Lee waited for Union counterattack on July 4 but Meade never pursued 4 months later Lincoln will issue the Gettysburg Address…

Bell Ringer What was unique about the Gettysburg Address and why was it such an important speech for Lincoln to give? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5c-aOnzB92I

Gettysburg Address Lincoln came to Gettysburg to honor the fallen soldiers with the dedication of the new memorial and cemetery It is recognized today as an enduring statement of Americas values and goals https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U2a-S3rjDBw

Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great battlefield of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this. But, in a larger sense, we can not dedicate—we can not consecrate —we can not hallow—this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our poor power to add or detract. The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us—that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion—that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain— that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom—and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.

Grant’s Plan Grant given command of the Union Army in March 1864 when Lincoln fired Meade after Gettysburg Grant’s Plan: 1. Pursue Lee in Virginia 2. Sherman would push through the South to Atlanta

Grant in Virginia His goal was to inflict more losses on the Confederates than they could withstand. Battle of the Wilderness, May ’64 Grant lost 17,000 Spotsylvania & Cold Harbor Grant lost 7,000 June ’64, Grant arrived in Petersburg, outside of Richmond

Sherman’s Total War Destroy way of life in the South Total War = war against the military and the people Destroy way of life in the South Sherman’s success helped Lincoln’s re-election. Atlanta to Savannah- 300 miles of destruction https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5c-aOnzB92I

Fall of Richmond Battle of Petersburg * Lee vs. Grant = 10 month stand off in the 1st trench warfare battle Lee could not hold Pulled out and left Richmond open to Grant. April 1865, Union Army arrived in the Confederate capital http://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/american-civil-war-history/videos/lincoln-the-fall-of-richmond

Lee Surrenders April 9, 1865, Lee met Grant at Appomattox Courthouse in VA. Grant’s terms: Turnover arms Keep belongings Return to their farms Feed the Rebels http://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/appomattox-court-house