BARRIERS OF THE CNS Intracellular compartment

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Presentation transcript:

BARRIERS OF THE CNS Intracellular compartment Extracellular compartment Compartment of CSF Intravascular compartment Meningeal barrier Blood – CSF barrier Blood – brain barrier

BLOOD – BRAIN BARRIER A barrier separating the circulating blood from the extracellular space of the CNS Functions protects the brain from "foreign substances" in the blood that may injure the brain protects the brain from hormones and neurotransmitters released from other parts of the body maintains a constant environment for the brain

Structural components of BBB Endothelial cells connected by tight junctions Foot processes of astrocytes Basement membrane

Circumventricular organs areas of the human brain without the BBB: Pineal body (epiphysis) Neurohypophysis (posterior pituitary) - releases neurohormones (oxytocin and vasopressin) into blood Median eminence: regulates anterior pituitary through release of neurohormones Organum vasculosum of lamina terminalis: a chemo- sensory area that detects peptides and other molecules Subfornical organ: important for the regulation of body fluids Subcommissural organ: Area postrema: "vomiting center"

Illustrations were copied from: Atlas der Anatomie des Menschen/ Sobotta. Putz,R., und Pabst,R. 20. Auflage. München: Urban & Schwarzenberg, 1993 Netter: Interactive Atlas of Human Anatomy. Windows Version 2.0