Cell Review Standard: S7L2. Students will describe the structure and function of cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems. a. Explain that cells take in nutrients in order to grow and divide and to make needed materials. b. Relate cell structures (cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm, chloroplasts, mitochondria) to basic cell functions.

Opening: Levels of Organization

Cells are the Basic unit of life. Cell Theory 1. All living things are made of cells. 2. Cells are the most basic unit and function of all living things. 3. All cells come from other cells.

Types of Cells: Prokaryotic Found in unicellular organisms A cell without a true nucleus Very small compared to other cells One strand of DNA clumped but freely floating in the cytoplasm Examples: Bacteria

Types of Cells: Eukaryotic Found mostly in multi-cellular organisms Contain organelles within a cell membrane DNA is tightly wrapped and organized in the nucleus. Examples: Plant, Animal, Fungi, & Amoeba

Which is which? Eukaryotic Cell & Prokaryotic Cell

Eukaryotic Cells: Plant vs. Animal Cells Compare and contrast; what do you see?

Parts of a Cell Cell membrane: keeps all parts of the cell inside and allows some substances in the cell. Cell wall: found in plant cells; protects and supports the cell structure. Chloroplast: found in plant cells; disk-like organelle that contains chlorophyll. Photosynthesis takes place here Chlorophyll: found in plant cells; green pigment that uses sunlight energy to convert CO2 and water into sugar and oxygen. Cytoplasm: a jelly-like substance that helps give a cell its shape and keep organelles in place. Nuclear membrane: controls what goes in and out of the nucleus. Nucleus: controls all the cell activity; the “boss”

Golgi Bodies: packages and moves protein from inside of the cell to the outside. Lysosomes: remove waste from the cell Mitochondria: creates energy for the cell through cellular respiration. Ribosomes: make and store protein from amino acids. Endoplasmic Reticulum: transports materials in the cell (“roadways” of the cell, move materials) Vacuoles: liquid-filled space, store food, water, and waste (Plant Vacuoles are very large; Animal vacuoles are smaller)