Alexander and the Hellenistic Age

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Presentation transcript:

Alexander and the Hellenistic Age 338- Athens falls to the Macedonian army. Athens and the city-states lose their independence.

The Empire of Alexander the Great Began when Phillip II (Alexander’s father) conquers Greece

How did he do it? Built a huge army Formed alliances with many city-states and conquered others His big plan was to conquer the Persian empire. But Phillip II was assassinated- murder of a public figure. His son Alexander, age 20, will now take the throne.

With Greece under control Alexander looks to take on Persia He knows they are weak because of many rebellions. They are no longer the great power they once were. He moves through Persia, one victory at a time. Marches through Asia Minor, Palestine, Egypt, Babylon. Now he concentrates on…

India Alexander never lost a battle, but his men were tired, so he decided not to go further east. Then Alexander gets ill.

The Death of Alexander Age 32 Wanted to leave his empire to “the strongest” The empire falls apart because nobody is strong enough to succeed Alexander. 3 generals divide it up and compete for power for 300 years. Macedonia and Greece Egypt Persia

The Legacy of Alexander He was able to combine cultures Greek soldiers, traders and artisans settled new cities. Local people assimilated, absorbed, Greek ideas and spread them. Cultural capital was Alexandria, Egypt. They had large markets that sold ivory, marble and spices. Museums and libraries were built Greek-like. 4. Women no longer restricted to their homes and allowed to be educated.

Hellenistic Arts and Sciences Architecture is more elaborate than classical Greece. New schools of philosophy Stoicism (Zeno)- accept calmly whatever life brings you. Have high moral standards and protect the rights of all.

Math and Astronomy Pythagoras- derived a formula to calculate the relationship between the sides of a right triangle. Euclid- geometry text Aristarchus- came up with the heliocentric- sun-centered solar system. But it will not be accepted for 2000 more years.

Archimedes Most famous inventor who applied physics to make practical inventions. Mastered the lever and pulley system.

Medical Hippocrates- studied the causes of illness and looked for cures. Set ethical standards for doctors. (The Hippocratic oath) “Help the sick according to my ability and judgment but never with a view to injury and wrong.”

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