Spectre SP and Spectre GOLD Plasticizing Admixtures Title goes here Workable Water Reducing Chemical Admixture for the Concrete Industry Title goes here

What are Engineered BioFluids? Engineered BioFluids (EBF) What are Engineered BioFluids? Engineered BioFluids represent a new class of chemical products that are created by developing specialized biopolymers that are specifically designed to have precise reactive molecular sites that provide the ability to have custom tailored, chemical reactions. These revolutionary products are more effective than typical applications and provide environmentally friendly chemistry that is being used in the mining, oil and gas, water treatment, construction and pharmaceutical industries. High Performance Product Engineering (HPPE) is a leader in this new category of biotechnology companies that combine biochemical fermentation and engineering on an industrial scale. HPPE has developed its Engineered BioFluids with the following objectives: Replace traditional chemistry with more effective products Replace traditional chemistry with environmentally friendly products Replace traditional chemistry with lower cost effective products Develop versatile molecular solutions that target specific applications across a wide range of markets Provide customized products and solutions to specific applications

Understanding Engineered BioFluids Engineered BioFluids (EBF) Understanding Engineered BioFluids HPPE combines large-scale production capabilities with precise chemical reactions to deliver Engineered BioFluids in a consistent process on an industrial scale. The first stage of the process is a fermentation and purification phase in a precisely controlled environment to ensure the consistency of the desired biopolymer formulation. These biopolymers can come in many different forms with precise formulations designed to maximize the type and number of reactive sites to fit the desired application. Next, the biopolymers undergo additional engineering to meet the specific performance requirements of our customers. It is in this stage of the process that the team at HPPE performs additional engineering work at the molecular level to custom tailor the products. These precise molecular selections impart the desired characteristics uniquely changing the biopolymers, creating customized, patented Engineered BioFluids, EBF, for our customers. These products are custom designed to meet the specific performance requirements of some of the most demanding environments in the world – for some of the most demanding customers in the world. We are confident that our Engineered BioFluids can help your company discover unique, cost effective and environmentally superior solutions to some of your most challenging applications.

HPPE Plasticizers Spectre SP Spectre GOLD Type S plasticizer properties 5-10%+ water reduction Accelerant at room temperature High flexural strength cost effective Low dose rates (2-4oz/100cwt concrete) Natural, biopolymer based (sulfur and aromatic-free) Spectre GOLD Mid-Range Water Reducing properties > 20%+ water reduction Little or no retardation Excellent flexural strength Low corrosion (chloride-free) Early strength development

Concrete Batch Mixes Spectre SP Spectre GOLD TYPE I/II: 500lb/yd3 1” COURSE AGGREGATE LIMESTONE: 1,700lb/yd3 NATURAL SAND: 1,430lb/yd3 WATER: 250lb/yd3 WATER/CEMENT RATIO: 0.5 TEMPERATURE: 78°F Spectre GOLD TYPE I/II: 518lb/yd3 1” COURSE AGGREGATE LIMESTONE: 1,803lb/yd3 NATURAL SAND: 1,308lb/yd3 WATER: 298lb/yd3 WATER/CEMENT RATIO: 0.575

Key Spectre SP Product Properties Key properties: Excellent workability No air entrainment (key to maintaining strength) High flexural strength (cost effective) Set time (relatively rapid set and no retardation compared to control)

28-Day Compressive Strength Properties* *Constant Water

Spectre SP Slump Properties

Comparison to Common Plasticizers [1] Sulphonated melamine formaldehyde condensates (SMF) 16–25%+ water reduction SMF gives little or no retardation (very effective at low temperatures or where early strength is most critical) Higher temperatures, SMF’s lose workability relatively quickly Sulphonated naphthalene formaldehyde condensates (SNF) Tend to entrain air bubbles SNF is very cost-effective Polycarboxylate ether plasticizers (PCE) 20–35%+ water reduction Relatively expensive Very effective at lower doses In general, the dosage levels for these plasticizers are typically higher than with conventional water reducers. [1] www.aboutcivil.org

Spectre GOLD Plasticizer Similar to Mid-Range High Water (MRHW) reducing chemical admixture Low treatment rate: Recommended 4oz/100cwt of concrete 2-4oz/100cwt of concrete Natural polysaccharide biopolymer: Non-corrosive Engineered BioFluid - custom tailored, chemical reactions Sulfate and chloride free Enhanced product performance Low viscosity water-based admixture for easy mixing Enhanced workability No shrinkage Little or no retardation High flexural/tensile strength Strong early strength Lowers deformational distortions/crack development

Key Spectre GOLD Product Properties Key properties: Excellent flexural strength (key to resist bending or buckling) Little or no retardation Early strength development Improved workability

Spectre GOLD Flowability Results - ASTM C109

Spectre GOLD Workability: Slump Properties