Item 3: Violence against women Discussant: Maria Giuseppina Muratore, ISTAT

Common attentions and many differences Good evaluation of population survey as a tool for studying violence Coordination with policy makers, data users, statistical producers in network with courts, police, health and social systems Attention to quality Attention to emotional trauma, awareness of the sensitiveness topic Attention to data reliability

Report of the expert group meeting on violence against women Focus on qualitative and quantitative aspect Not only domestic violence no single question approaches Attention to minority groups Population based-survey; helpful in building awareness and developing policies Collaboration between data producers and users Importance of the chronicity, duration of violence

An interesting way to work on VAW Towards international standards for data collection and statistics on gender against women An interesting way to work on VAW Importance to start from indicators as the first step that determines linkage between evidence base and policy making What is useful and helpful How to gain it Attention to particular population groups Confidentiality or rapport: which is better The problem of incidence: the number of times seems not an objective measure, more a calculation ex-post

Assessing the prevalence of violence against women in Canada National statistical agencies, important leadership role, high standards quality, high quality data, a political role of network Dissemination Complex methodological and ethical issue (trauma, safety, availability, sensitive, etc) Behavioural questions Violence dynamic, reporting, children witness Module or not Balance between information in different fields (violence typologies not covered << forced prostitution, trafficking>>, violence details, possibility to reach minority groups) and cost and timeless To work to reduce non response bias Selection and training, interviewers support About call back and the offers of support services

Who Multi-country study on Women’s health and domestic violence A concept of violence as “normal” Violence in women relationship Other question to deal with rape How violence affects health of women and cost of violence at societal level Attention to selection and training: ethical and safety guidelines Very interesting the analysis of factors risk – could secondary analysis be realized too?

From measuring violence against women to assessing state responses: developing global indicators Idea of considering not only domestic violence Difficulties in defining seriousness and frequency Denunce of a no interest in sexual harassment Try to think which are the better indicators number to help state in addressing violence To think in a global way - Relationship between violence study and prevention measures and between violence studies, the victims voice with the police and court system

Results of the analysis carried out by ECE Task force on VAW A good attention to the data quality National statistical agencies are a guarantee Heterogeneity and quality But many aspects have to be improved Critical aspect: Lack of attention to interviewers selection Sample size could attitude towards violence be measure? Interview more than one person in a same household could be a risk for abused women The use of monitoring tools for module survey have to be better developed as they are in dedicated surveys Attention to length

Priorities for future: Definitions Indicators Methodology Survey design Sample and reference population

Which indicators Unambiguous and easy to interpret Meaningful and relevant to read reality and to evalute policy Supported by reliable and robust quantitative data Available at regular intervals comparable

Two main indicators categories Extent Prevalence, incidence?????? severity Nature of action, Frequency, injuries, physical and mental ???

Definitions Which perpetrators? Un Nations: any act of gender based violevce that results …in physical, sexual and mental harm or suffering to women, including threats of such act, coercion or arbitrary, deprivation of liberty Domestic violence, sexual assault, physical violence, stalking Female genital mutilation, forced marriage, dowry deaths, “honour” crimes, Which typologies? Physical, sexual and psychological violence, stalking Not only domestic violence Which perpetrators?

Questions wording How? Giving attention to the Behaviors multiple behaviorally specific questions (otherwise risk of underreporting and misunderstanding) - More than one screening (otherwise possible underreporting) Attention to cultural context and local low system, i.e. rape

Methodology: pros e cons Research design Survey mode Time reference period Age of reference Interviewer selection Training Emotional trauma - safety respondents Disclosure, Data quality

Sample Sampling frame Sample size