Notes 19 Part 2 The 1980s and 1990s.

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Notes 19 Part 2 The 1980s and 1990s

Notes 19 Part 2 The 1980s and 1990s Key Terms Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) perestroika Iran-Contra affair Tiananmen Square Nelson Mandela Operation Desert Storm al Qaeda Family Medical Leave Act Contract With America Kenneth Starr

Reagan Leads with “Peace Through Strength” SDI-program that destroy any missiles before it reaches target Afghanistan, Nicaragua, El Salvador-supported anti- communist Gorbachev-Pres. Of USSR Perestroika-reforming the Soviet system Reagan and Gorbachev

Strategic Defense Initiative Reagan’s SDI speech, March 23, 1983 From: http://www.milnet.com/pentagon/spacecom/sdi.gif

Reagan Leads with “Peace Through Strength” Based on the information in the graphic, summarize Reagan's 'peace through strength' approach to national defense.

From: ARMING AMERICA: Attention and Inertia in U. S From: ARMING AMERICA: Attention and Inertia in U.S. National Security Spending http://dept.lamar.edu/polisci/TRUE/True_art_tlp.html

Soviet ICBMs 1980s-90s From, US Dept of Defense, Soviet Military Power, 1987: http://www.fas.org/irp/dia/product/smp_87_ch2.htm

Congressional Restrictions on Arms Sales in 1980s Arms Export Control Acts No arms sales to nations determined to be sponsors of terrorism (US State Dept determines which nations fit into this category; it included Iran) No arms sales of over $25 m in value without congressional approval (1974); A 1976 bill lowered this to $14 m for sophisticated weaponry and $50 m for other items Both the House and Senate would have to reject the arms sales

The Ultimate Example Berlin 1987

Impact of the End of the Cold War Berlin Wall came down Eastern Europe gains freedom to have democratic government 1991-Boris Yeltsin established Russian Republic Cold War was over

Impact of the End of the Cold War Compare this map to a current map of eastern Europe. What has happened to these former communist countries since 1991?

U.S. Involvement in the Middle East and the Iran-Contra Affair Terrorist attack in Berlin U S bombed Libya Terrorist attack in Beirut Iran-Contra Affair-weapons to Iran to release hostages and money to fund Nicaragua Contras Comparison to other scandals

The Iran Contra Scandal Swiss bank accounts; controlled by North Private US $ Foreign Gov’t $ $$$ Hostages weapons Iran US Israel

Bush Forges a New Role in the World Tried to stop drug trafficking from Latin America Manuel Noriega-Panama drug lord Tiananmen Square-Chinese kill hundreds of protestors Nelson Mandela-resistance leader to apartheid, democracy to S. Africa

The Persian Gulf War 1990-Saddam invaded Kuwait for oil wells USA-17 million barrels a day 500K troops sent to Saudi Arabia Operation Desert Storm-1991 American-led attack on Iraqi forces Troops surrendered or fled setting fire to Kuwaiti oil rigs

Clinton Wins the 1992 Election Recession hit in late 1991, Bush raised taxes “New Democrat” Clinton- combination of liberal and conservative views Ross Perot-independent self- funded campaign Clinton wins

Clinton Intervenes With Mixed Success Clinton wanted to protect Human Rights Somalian Civil War-U S intervened to bring peace, after casualties U S withdrew troops Haiti-sent troops to restore democratic president Bosnia and Serbia-ethnic cleansing by Serbia encouraged U S to bomb Serbia, 98’ Kosovo Rwanda Genocide-U S did not get involved, Tutsi eventually won

America and the Middle East in the 1990s Clinton attempted to bring peace to Israel and Palestinians at Camp David- failed 93’-Al Qaeda bombed World Trade Center-killed 6 people 2000-USS Cole

Clinton Enacts New Domestic Policies FMLA-guaranteed 12 weeks of unpaid leave for family medical Healthcare reform failed Victory: Brady Bill-gun control act OK City Bombing and Columbine High

Republicans Lead a Conservative Resurgence Gingrich-Contract with America-wanted to make government small and efficient 1994-Rep. win house and Senate 1996 Election-economy was booming Clinton wins

Scandals, Impeachment, and Trial Ken Starr-appointed prosecutor, sexual affair with an intern, Clinton denied under oath House impeached Clinton for “perjury and obstruction of justice” Not enough votes in Senate for impeachment-Clinton acquitted

Digital Technology Changes American Life Personal Computers were created in the 1960s Internet-was used by government, used by private sector in 1980s 1990-research tool and online database

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