人教课标 高二 选修 6 Unit 5

Unit 5 The power of nature

Warming up Man has so much wisdom and power that the whole world has changed a lot.

tall buildings modern agriculture airplanes

atomic bomb spaceship modern medicine

modern communication

Think about the questions. What do you think of human power? Have you ever considered how weak humans are compared with a volcano, hurricane or earthquake? Can you list some natural disasters?

volcano erupting

Look at the diagram below. It shows a volcano erupting Look at the diagram below. It shows a volcano erupting. What do you know about volcanoes? Share your knowledge with your partner.

Boiling rock erupts from the crater (火山口); the lava (熔岩) flows slowly down the mountain.

vapour, carbon dioxide, nitrogen (氮), sulphur (硫磺) gas solid liquid bits of rock and volcanic ash, etc. lava (熔岩)

One plate crashes down into another One plate crashes down into another. The fluid rock becomes hotter and hotter with high pressure. Finally it rushes out. Thus, a volcano is formed. 1. How is a volcano formed?

Where is it most possible for a volcano to erupt? Joints between the plates. Often near the oceans. Joints between the plates. Joints between the plates.

3. What types of volcanoes do you know? extinct volcano (= one that is no longer active at all) dormant volcano (= one that is not active at the moment) active volcano (= one that may erupt at any time)

Answer Yes or No to the questionnaire. 1. Do you like working outside as well as inside? 2. Do you enjoy travelling to unusual places? 3. Do you enjoy taking risks?

questionnaire Yes No 4. Do you dislike doing the same thing everyday? 5. Do you like adventure in your life? 6. Are you interested in studying rocks and other things that make up the surface of the earth?

If you answered “yes” to all these questions, then volcanology could be a good career choice for you. Read the passage to find out more about being a vocanologist.

Scanning

1. What’s the main idea of the article? The writer expressed his _____ for his job as a ______________ and told us one of his unusual ___________ in Mount Kilauea, Hawaii. love volcanologist experiences

2. Find out main ideas for each part. (Para 1-2) Part 2 (Para 3-4) Part 3 (Para 5) The writer’s ____ and its ____________. job importance The writer’s __________ of watching the volcanic eruption. experience The _______ for the writer’s enthusiasm about his job. reasons

Skimming

Which of the following is not the factor that makes the writer’s job the greatest in the world? A. it’s dangerous but exciting. B. the writer can travel to unusual places and meet people from all over the world. C. the writer can earn a lot of money. D. the writer is helping protecting people from the volcano.

2. What does a volcanologist not need most? A. knowledge of spaceships. B. research skills. C. skills of operating scientific equipment. D. observing skills.

Careful reading

Read the text and fill in the blanks in the chart Read the text and fill in the blanks in the chart. Pay attention to the structure of the text. Work as a volcanologist in Hawaii ● Collecting data for scientists to predict the path of the 2. ________ ● Warning people to leave their houses My job ▶Go to 1. ________ places ▶Dangerous ▶Help people to avoid the damage of volcanic eruptions unusual lava My experience of seeing the volcanic eruption ● 3. ________ bed ● Strange sound ● 4. ________ bedroom ● Eruption ● Fountaining red hot lava shaking bright

Close look at the crater ● Special clothes ● 5. _____________ suits My job ▶Go to unusual places ▶Dangerous ▶Help people to avoid the damage of volcanic eruptions Still enthusiastic, greatly interested in the 6. ________ and potential of volcanoes protective beauty

1. Why does the writer say that he has the greatest job in the world? 2. Why is a volcanologist’s job important? 3. Where is Mount Kilauea?

Why does the writer say that he has the greatest job in the world?

2. Why is a volcanologist’s job important? Volcanologists study volcanoes so that they can warn people when the volcano is going to erupt and save many lives.

3. Where is Mount Kilauea? In Hawaii.

Fill in the blanks according to this part. Job: ____________ – _____________________________ _____________________________ volcanologist collect information for a database help scientists to predict where lava will flow and how fast

protect ordinary people from volcanoes /Save people’s lives by warning them to leave their homes. importance: ________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ feelings (adj.): ___________ – _______ – _______ never bored excited feel alive

Find the words which mean the following. ________ 1. different from what is usual ________ 2. people who are travelling for pleasure ___________ 3. sometimes, but not regularly and not often ________ 4. a large amount of data stored in a computer _____________ 5. unluckily ________ 6. hot liquid rock that comes out of a volcano unusual tourists occasionally database unfortunately lava

4. Why is the lava that flows on Mount Kilauea more dangerous than the actual eruption? The lava flows down the mountain and can cover up or burn villages in its path. The rocks that erupt from the volcano don’t damage anything because no one lives near the crater.

5. What caused the writer’s bedroom to become as bright as day even though it was night? The light that was caused by the red-hot rocks and gas that erupted from the volcano.

6. Why did the scientists have to get close to the volcano after it began erupting? The scientists needed to get samples of the lava so they could study them.

7. Why was it difficult for the writer to walk towards the edge of the crater? The author was wearing special protective clothing that made it difficult to walk.

Complete the phrases describing the author’s first experience of a volcanic eruption. began shaking → a strange 1. ________ → passing my 2. ________ → as bright as day → into the back 3. ________ → see Mount Kilauea → from the side →red hot 4. ________ → fantastic 5. ________ sound window garden lava sight

What does the writer find impressive about volcanoes even after studying them for many years? The writer finds their beauty and their potential to cause great damage very impressive.

Post reading

buries, volcanic eruptions, crater, volcanoes, special clothing, lava Below is a summary of the text with some words missing. Choose the words from the box and make the summary complete. Then try to retell the story to your partners. buries, volcanic eruptions, crater, volcanoes, special clothing, lava My job is studying 1. ________ for the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO). I collect information about Mount Kilauea, one of Hawaii's active volcanoes. This information helps predict where 2. ______ from the volcano will go next. volcanoes lava

buries, volcanic eruptions, crater, volcanoes, special clothing, lava People’s lives can then be saved by warning them to leave their houses before the lava comes. The 3. ________________ don’t cause much damage as no one lives near the top. The lava flowing down the mountain causes far more damage because it 4. ______ everything in its path. I will never forget the first time I saw a fountain of red hot lava bursting out of Mount Kilauea. It was a fantastic sight. volcanic eruptions buries

buries, volcanic eruptions, crater, volcanoes, special clothing, lava The next day two scientists and I wore 5. _______________ to protect us while we took a closer look at its 6. ________. Twenty years later I am still excited about my job. I am amazed by the beauty and dangerous power of volcanoes. (By Ray Cama) special clothing crater

Having learnt a little more about the work of a volcanologist, do you think it is an occupation you would enjoy? Give your reasons.

No, I probably wouldn’t enjoy this job because I would have to live in other countries and also I don’t like being in dangerous situations. Also, I’m not very good at science.

Yes, I’d love to do a job like this because I would enjoy working outside and I think I would enjoy the adventure. It would be exciting to meet people from different countries and I would feel good about helping people avoid danger.

2. In pairs discuss what skills you think a volcanologist should have. Make a list.

Look at these three people who would like to study volcanoes Look at these three people who would like to study volcanoes. Which one would you choose to become a volcanologist? Give your reasons.

Degree and/or Doctor’s degree in geology 英语学习辅导报 Essential skills Degree and/or Doctor’s degree in geology Interest in Earth science which includes: Knowledge of volcanoes Knowledge how magma erupts and how it behaves Research skills 英语学习辅导报 54

Essential skills Degree and/or Doctor’s degree in geology Interest in Earth science which includes: Skill in analyzing and interpreting research results and other information Practical skills for performing experiments and operating scientific equipment

Practical skills such as: the ability to read maps 英语学习辅导报 Desirable skills Computer skills Foreign languages Practical skills such as: the ability to read maps problem-solving skills planning and organizational skills 英语学习辅导报 56

Practical skills such as: communication skills 英语学习辅导报 Desirable skills Computer skills Foreign languages Practical skills such as: communication skills writing skills, for writing reports and for publications 英语学习辅导报 57

1 Fred Spears works in a wildlife park looking after wild animals; loves nature and spends his holidays climbing mountains 2 Susan Kelp has studied geology at university; very interested in volcanoes; has visited Mount Etna in Sicily, Italy

3 Charles Wild is a medical doctor; works in a laboratory doing research on disease; loves adventure holidays; wants to analyse volcanic samples

英语学习辅导报 Fred Spears: He has the interest but not the qualifications. So he is not a good choice to become a volcanologist. 英语学习辅导报 60

Susan Kelp: She has studied geology and has an interest in volcanoes. She has all the necessary qualifications but she does not have practical experience devising experiments and analyzing data.

He is a medical doctor with an interest in 英语学习辅导报 Charles: He is a medical doctor with an interest in volcanoes. He has experience of conducting experiments but does not have the specific qualifications needed to become a volcanologist. 英语学习辅导报 62

So I would choose Susan Kelp because she has the necessary qualifications and the interest. Although she has not yet conducted experiments she will either have learned the techniques during university course or be able to learn them on-the-job. She seems to be the most suitable candidate.

Spend some time researching the Ya’an earthquake in Sichuan Spend some time researching the Ya’an earthquake in Sichuan. You can use books, magazines, newspapers or the Internet. Collect pictures or diagrams and look for information about:

what causes this earthquake earthquakes that happened in the past in China and/or the rest of the world how people helped the victims what is being done to lessen the damage