Solution Chemistry
A mixture with 2 or more substances dissolved together Solution A mixture with 2 or more substances dissolved together
Aqueous Solutions Any water sample that contains dissolved substances.
Parts of a Solution Solute Part of a solution that gets dissolved
Part of a solution that does the dissolving Parts of a Solution Solvent Part of a solution that does the dissolving
The Universal Solvent Water The most common solvent in the world
Waters of Hydration The amount of water molecules that surround the dissolved ions in the solutions.
Hygroscopic Desiccants Salts and other compounds that have low vapor pressure and remove water from the air. Desiccants Hygroscopic substances used as drying agents.
Electrolytes Compounds that conduct an electric current. All ionic compounds are Electrolytes
Types of Solutions Suspension A mixture where particles can be seen and settled out
Types of Solutions Colloid A solution where particles can be seen but not settled out
Types of Solutions Colloid JellO, Milk, Mayonnaise, Whipped Cream, Blood, Paint
Types of Solutions Tincture A solution where alcohol is the solvent.
Emulsions Colloidal dispersions of liquids in a liquid Italian salad dressing
Saturated Solution Has ALL the solute it can possibly hold
Unsaturated Solution LESS solute than it can possibly hold
Super-saturated MORE solute than it can possibly hold
Mole Fraction The mole fraction is the ratio of the moles of solute in solution to the total number of Moles of solvent and solute
Mole Fraction 2 moles 8 moles 8 moles of A and 2 moles of B
Mole Fraction Xa= 8 mol 8 mol + 2 mol Xa= .8
Molarity
Molar Moles in liquid
Molarity The amount moles in one liter of solution.
Molarity Solute- gets dissolved (mol) Solvent-does the dissolving (Liters)
Moles Liters
Dilution
M = molarity V = volume
M1V1 = M2V2
If you have 2 liters of 6M HCl and then add 2 more L of water what is the new Molarity of HCl?