Music’s Temporal Dimension:

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Music’s Temporal Dimension: Pulse, Meter, Rhythm & Tempo Pachelbel Rant

I. Preliminaries: Music Unfolds in Time A. ∴ ephemeral

I. Preliminaries: Music Unfolds in Time A. ∴ ephemeral ∴ shape of a musical work not given “all at once”

I. Preliminaries: Music Unfolds in Time A. ∴ ephemeral ∴ shape of a musical work not given “all at once” Musical time does not = real time or clock time

I. Preliminaries: Music Unfolds in Time A. ∴ ephemeral ∴ shape of a musical work not given “all at once” Musical time does not = real time or clock time

Pulse or Beat (Textbook) Beat = an even pulse that divides time into equal segments B. Beat = aural sense, based on many factors, that music is made up of equal time units

Pulse or Beat (Textbook) Beat = an even pulse that divides time into equal segments B. Beat = aural sense, based on many factors, that music is made up of equal time units III. Meter A. Meter= grouping of pulses into larger units (usually 2, 3, 4, or 6) B. metrical groupings = bars or measures C. meters classified duple, triple, quadruple, sextuple D. irregular (mixed) meters possible (3+3+2) E. temporary disruptions in meter common

Phrase I Phrase II 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 3 Triple Duple Triple

IV. Rhythm Rhythm Pulse Meter A. Loose or general meaning =everything having to do with music’s temporal aspect B. Specific meaning =DURATION, Specific arrangement of note lengths C. Music’s temporal elements are hierarchical Rhythm Pulse Meter

IV. Rhythm (cont.) V. Tempo D. Rhythmic motive Rhythmic idea (durations) that acquires structural significance V. Tempo A. = SPEED (of pulses)

Which Statement is most accurate? The speed of the pulses increased. The tempo increased. The rhythmic activity increased. The meter increased.

VI. Two Special Cases A. Compound Meter B. Rubato Pulses subdivided into 3’s rather than 2’s B. Rubato It., “robbed time” Speeding or slowing of pulses for expressive effect (added by performers)