WELCOME TO MS. Graciano’s class! September 10, 2015 DO NOW Pick- up materials on table 3 markers of different colors, glue bottle, papers Complete warm-up

agenda Warm-up Limiting Factors/ Carrying Capacity Review Seed Germination Video and Diagramming Seed Dispersal Activity Closure

By the end of class today… I will be able to: Explain the relationship between limiting factors and carrying capacity Explain the process of seed germination Describe the different seed dispersal methods

Warm up

Limiting factors & carrying capacity

How do limiting factors relate to carrying capacity? Carrying capacity is reached when limiting factors are exhausted.

Seed germination

SEED GERMINATION

Seed DISPERSAL

SEED DISPERSAL Seed dispersal is the movement or transport of seeds away from the parent plant. Before they can grow into new plants, seeds need to leave the seed pod. If all the seeds a plant produced landed just underneath the parent plant, they would be too crowded, and might not have enough light or water to grow and develop properly. The various methods of seed dispersal are designed to ensure that as many seeds as possible have a good chance of growing up to produce seeds of their own. The size and shape of the seedpod or the seeds influences how they are dispersed. The main methods plants use to disperse their seeds to places with better growing conditions than directly under the parent plant include gravity, animals, force, wind and water. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6loGKPKDqCw&index=5&list=PLWZvELM3pj5W-SO0I5tfodWES2JRATBuz

Wind blows seeds to a new area, seeds can fly or glide. SEED DISPERSAL BY WIND Wind blows seeds to a new area, seeds can fly or glide. The way the wind transports seeds depends on the type of seed and where it grows. Seeds that have almost weightless additions that enable them to be carried long distances  by the slightest breeze are familiar all over the world.

SEED DISPERSAL BY WATER Water helps seeds float to different areas. Plants which grow beside water often rely on water to transport their seeds for them. They may produce light seeds which float, or there may be fluff that helps buoyancy. Trees found on tropical beaches often have their seeds carried there by the sea. They have woody, waterproof coverings which enable them to float in the salty water for long periods.

SEED DISPERSAL BY ANIMALS Animals help seeds transport through eating and clinging. In the deserts of North Africa, elephants eat the fruits that have fallen from the trees and deposit the seeds in their droppings several miles away. Many plants produce fruits or individual seeds covered in hooks or spines which attach the seed to the animals’ fur or feathers - or, in the case of humans, to our clothes or bags. The seeds are then carried a sufficient distance from the parent plant to give them space to grow.

SEED DISPERSAL BY FORCE Some plants have a mechanism that ejects the seeds from the pod by force. There are several methods plants use to fling their seeds out of the seedpod. All of them rely on the effect of evaporation of water in the seedpod, so this method of seed dispersal usually takes place in the sun.

SEED DISPERSAL BY GRAVITY Seeds from fruits are pulled down by gravity. Large, round, heavy fruits just drop straight off the tree onto the ground when they are ripe. If they have a tough outer shell, they may roll some distance from the parent plant. The higher up the tree they are, and the larger they are, the further they can roll. If they have a soft skin, they may break open when they hit the ground and the individual seeds may be scattered.

CLOSURE

SEED DISPERSAL ON A PIECE OF PAPER COMPLETE ONE OF THE FOLLOWING: SEED GERMINATION IS… ONE EXAMPLE OF SEED DISPERSAL IS… SEED DISPERSAL IS IMPORTANT BECAUSE…