Outline for Lab 4 Vessels Identification in torsos, arms, & legs and break. Student-led learning Order doesn’t matter Arms and legs are less abundant Notes on BF and BP How to Measure BP with a sphygmomanometer. Notes on Normal and abnormal BP #s . 45 min 30 min 15 min

Fig. 19.21

Fig. 19.22

Fig. 19.23

Fig. 19.24

Fig. 19.24

Blood Flow (BF) … Blood Pressure (BP)… measured in elastic arteries where there is a pulse pressure systolic pressure diastolic pressure Fig. 19.2 Fig. 18.1

The pressure gradients… Arterial vs. venous… Systemic vs. pulmonary… Fig. 18.1 Fig. 19.2

4 Factors Facilitating Venous BF Fig. 19.2 Larger diameter lumens… Venous valves…

4 Factors Facilitating Venous BF Fig. 19.8 “milking action” of skeletal muscle “milking action” of respirations

Measuring BP Measured in elastic arteries where there is a pulse pressure Systolic… Diastolic… How to measure BP using a sphygmomanometer…

Hypertension (HTN) What the #s mean… Chronic (long term) May be diagnosed based on systolic or diastolic press If Systolic = 120-139 Or if Diastolic = 80-89 Then “Prehypertension” If Systolic = 140-159 Or if Diastolic = 90-99 Then “Stage 1 HTN”

Hypertension (HTN) If Systolic = 160 or > or if Diastolic = 100 or > Then “Stage 2 HTN” Dangers of HTN:  rate of atherosclerosis (plaque) Therefore… risk of Stroke  risk of MI risk of Aneurysm risk of Kidney damage risk of Blindness risk of CHF (congestive heart failure) S&S: Usually none Possible headaches & blurred vision

Hypertensive Crisis Acute, short term, (not chronic) Excessively high BP e.g. 220/140, 280/160 Risk of creating aneurysms Risk of rupturing existing aneurysms Damage to eyes, kidneys, etc.

Hypotension Criteria: Systolic <100 or Diastolic <60 and symptomatic S&S: Weak, dizzy, light-headed, lethargic, weak pulse