Instrumentation Malfunctions, Test Review - Agenda Activity Estimated Time 1. Agenda 5 2. Learning Objectives 3. Identifying Instrument Malfunction 50 BREAK 10 4. Instrumentation Failure Modes 5. Loop Response to Instrumentation Failure 30 6. Matching Activity 7. Summary and Wrap-Up 8. Additional Activities 9. Lab Activity Slide 1 Instrumentation 2 – Session 15

Session 15 - Objectives Recall the methods used for determining if a sensing/measuring device is malfunctioning: remote vs. local indication. Describe the failure modes of the following: temperature elements thermocouples RTDs level floats flow elements pressure elements analytical elements Explain how a control loop will respond to typical malfunctions in the following: primary sensing elements transmitters controllers final control elements. Slide 2 Instrumentation 2 – Session 15

Process of Elimination Slide 3 Instrumentation 2 – Session 15

Abrupt Indication Change Slide 4 Instrumentation 2 – Session 15

Gradual Deterioration Slide 5 Instrumentation 2 – Session 15

Fixed Deviation Slide 6 Instrumentation 2 – Session 15

Calibration Slide 7 Instrumentation 2 – Session 15

RTD Failure Slide 8 Instrumentation 2 – Session 15

Orifice Meter Slide 9 Instrumentation 2 – Session 15

Analyzer Slide 10 Instrumentation 2 – Session 15

Loop Response Slide 11 Instrumentation 2 – Session 15

Match From the List gradual deviation fixed deviation a noisy signal automatic reset Loose signal wire connections are most likely to cause Slide 12 Instrumentation 2 – Session 15

Match From the List gradual deviation fixed deviation a noisy signal automatic reset Loose signal wire connections are most likely to cause Slide 13 Instrumentation 2 – Session 15

True - False True False Instrument error that increases gradually is more difficult to detect. Slide 14 Instrumentation 2 – Session 15

True - False True False Instrument error that increases gradually is more difficult to detect. Slide 15 Instrumentation 2 – Session 15

Match From the List pressure flow temperature level It is most practical to calibrate instruments that measure Slide 16 Instrumentation 2 – Session 15

Match From the List pressure flow temperature level It is most practical to calibrate instruments that measure Slide 17 Instrumentation 2 – Session 15

Match From the List a jump in the output signal a drop in the output signal a zero output signal a gradual drop in the output signal A shorted wire in an rtd will result in Slide 18 Instrumentation 2 – Session 15

Match From the List a jump in the output signal a drop in the output signal a zero output signal a gradual drop in the output signal A shorted wire in an RTD will result in Slide 19 Instrumentation 2 – Session 15

True - False True A controller will likely detect a fixed deviation Slide 20 Instrumentation 2 – Session 15

True - False True A controller will likely detect a fixed deviation Slide 21 Instrumentation 2 – Session 15

Match From the List a plugged (lp) leg an open equalizer valve none of the above a plugged (hp) leg A steep rise in flow indication from an orifice meter would likely be cause by: Slide 22 Instrumentation 2 – Session 15

Match From the List a plugged (lp) leg an open equalizer valve a plugged (hp) leg none of the above A steep rise in flow indication from an orifice meter would likely be cause by: Slide 23 Instrumentation 2 – Session 15

True - False True False Thermocouples may deteriorate due to improper environment Slide 24 Instrumentation 2 – Session 15

True - False True False Thermocouples may deteriorate due to improper environment Slide 25 Instrumentation 2 – Session 15

Match From the List calibrate weekly change filters at regular intervals add water to the guard bed regularly add flux to all test samples A precaution to avoid analyzer failure Slide 26 Instrumentation 2 – Session 15

Match From the List calibrate weekly change filters at regular intervals add water to the guard bed regularly add flux to all test samples A precaution to avoid analyzer failure Slide 27 Instrumentation 2 – Session 15