Jon Urban Development Jo Mrs. Francisci WG.11a

How does a City form? Cities where built as early as 12,000 years ago. First city was Mesopotamia in the Middle East (between two rivers). People stopped hunting and gathering and settled in small farms and villages. Craftsman, traders, priests, and soldiers came together and built homes.

What is a Settlement Site? Settlement Site: The actual location of a city. Most early settlement sites can be found near water, on hilltops or mountains. When Europeans settled in areas of the United States, they built major cities based on location of water/wildlife or protection from enemies. Venice, Italy Ronda, Spain

Examples of Settlement Sites: New York, NY Harbor Sites: a harbor is a body of water along the coast that is deep enough to dock ships and that also offers some shelter and protection. Trade and food New York City, NY Alexandria, Egypt Istanbul Turkey Alexandria, Egypt Istanbul Turkey

Examples of Settlement Sites: Paris, France Island Sites: An island is a piece of land completely surrounded by water. Water offers food and protection. Paris, France (originally located on island near river) Hong Kong, China Singapore Hong Kong, China Singapore

Examples of Settlement Sites: Fall Line in VA Waterfall Fall Line Sites: Narrow zone between an upland area and plain marked by the presence of waterfalls. Richmond, VA Petersburg, VA Fredericksburg, VA Richmond, VA

Examples of Settlement Sites: Rome, Italy Hilltop Sites: A hilltop site is on a raised area of land and was often the location of ancient cities because of the protection provided by such a position. Rome, Italy Athens, Greece Jerusalem, Israel Athens, Greece Jerusalem, Israel

Examples of Settlement Sites: Damascus, Syria Oasis Sites: An oasis is a place with water and vegetation in the middle of the desert. Damascus, Syria Suva, Egypt Suva, Egypt

Examples of Settlement Sites London, England Sites where rivers narrow: Great for trade London, England (Thames River) Quebec City, Canada (St. Lawrence River) Quebec City, Canada

Examples of Settlement Sites Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Confluence Site: A place where 2 tributaries meet and join together. Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Khartown, Sudan Khartown, Sudan

What is a Situation? Situation: Relative location or the location of a city with respect to its surroundings and other places. Connects with other places (links). Baghdad, Iraq: Commands the land between Tigris and Euphrates rivers Baghdad, Iraq

Examples of Situations: Istanbul, Turkey Istanbul, Turkey: Commands the straits and land bridge to Europe. Mecca, Saudi Arabia: Pilgrimage site for Muslims; location of Kaaba Mecca, Saudi Arabia

Examples of Situations: Varanasi, India Varanasi, India: Pilgrimage site for Hindus Samarkand, Uzbekistan and Xi’an, China: Cities that grew up on the Silk Road – a historically important trade route between China and the Mediterranean Sea. Xi’an, China Samarkand, Uzbekistan

Examples of Situations: Timbuktu, Mali Timbuktu, Mali: City that was important in the Trans-Saharan trade route in Africa Singapore (Southeast Asia): Important maritime trade (trade by ship on water) Cape Town, South Africa: Supply station for ships before the Suez Canal was built Singapore Cape Town, South Africa

Examples of Situations: Transcontinental Railroad Omaha, Nebraska and Sacramento, California: Cities that grew up along the U.S. Transcontinental Railroad Novosibirsk and Vladivostok Russia: Cities that grew up along the Trans-Siberian Railroad Trans-Siberian Railroad

Site or Situation?

Rome is in Italy and is located on a hilltop.

A: Site

Baghdad is the trade center of Iraq because it is between two major rivers, the Euphrates and the Tigris.

A: Situation

Xi’an, China is on the Silk Road.

A: Situation

London, England is located on the Thames River where is narrows.

A: Site