Mosquito Breeding Habitats in SSP in Gujarat

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Track C on prevention issues Recognised Priority technical areas are ITNs, malaria in pregnancy, vector control, including use of DDT epidemics and complex.
Advertisements

The Work of WHO in the South-East Asia Region Report of the Regional Director 1 July 2008–31 August 2009 Highlights of the Work of in the South-East.
Forum VI Intergovernmental Forum on Chemical Safety, Dakar, Senegal. 15 th – 19 th September 2008 Integrated Pest & Vector Management Project, Sri Lanka.
Malaria Elimination in Zanzibar. Introduction Dramatic declines in malaria morbidity and mortality over the last decade (prevalence remained
The Global Burden of Hepatitis C Dr Daniel Lavanchy World Health Organization (WHO) Geneva, Switzerland 3 rd Paris Hepatitis Conference.
Malaria Challenge Introduction to malaria. Malaria is a life threatening disease which is transmitted to humans through the bites of infected female Anopheles.
Florida Keys 15 th March. background Foundation –Oxford University –2002 –Private company, 40 staff Collaborations –US Department of Agriculture –University.
MALARIA History The disease How people get Malaria ( transmission) Symptoms and Diagnosis Treatment Preventive measures Where malaria occurs in the world.
Eradication of Malaria So why did the campaign fail? 1) Insecticides (DDT) –Environmental damage!
Malaria: A brief introduction provided by Dr Lynn Fischer, a family doctor in Ottawa.
Geographic Factors and Impacts: Malaria IB Geography II.
Evidence supporting the continued availability of DDT as an option for malaria control Chris Curtis London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London.
Current Malaria Situation -Bangladesh MALARIA FACTS Country Area 147,570 sq. km and Pop million 13 out of 64 districts are high endemic 13.3 million.
Introduction Epidemiology and global situation Policies and targets for malaria control Strategies for control Antimalarial drugs Vector control Progress.
Truphena Mogaka M.P.H Student PUBH – Dr. Raymond Thron Term 2, 2011.
Dr Aslesh OP MBBS, MD Assistant professor, community medicine Pariyaram Medical College.
National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme
Technical Advisory Group meeting, WHO/WPRO
Regional initiative to sustain country achievement SEAR Krongthong Thimasarn Regional Adviser, Malaria World Health Organization Regional Office for South-
Population Problem of India Kamal singh Lecturer in Economics GCCBA-42,Chandigarh
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: A SOCIAL PERSPECTIVE Beverly Andrews Biostatistician Caribbean Epidemiology Centre Epidemiology Division.
MALARIA CONTROL PROGRAMME Keerti Bhusan Pradhan. Malaria Burden- Poverty.
FIGHT AGAINST MALARIA RAMAKRISHNA MISSION SEVA PRATISHTHAN KOLKATA.
The Status of Malaria in South Africa
Role of Pharmacist in Malaria Control
Progress in Reaching GMAP targets in India National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme India.
1 Eritrea National Malaria Control Program: On the road to malaria eradication Saleh Meky Minister of Health Government of Eritrea.
Creating an AIDS-Free Generation The beginning of the end of AIDS Center for Strategic & International Studies Washington, DC March 22, 2012 Thomas R.
Situational analysis on status of Malaria (North Bastar Kanker)
Enabling Continuity of a Public Health ARV Treatment program in a resource limited setting: The Case of the transition of the African Comprehensive HIV/AIDS.
Malaria Caused by Plasmodium spp. –Protist Female Anopheles mosquito feed on human blood and acts as a ‘vector’ for the parasite –Transfers it between.
African Business Leaders on Health: GBC Conference on TB, HIV-TB Co-infection & Global Fund Partnership Johannesburg, October 11, 2010 The state of Global.
EPIDEMIOLOGY DENGUE, MALARIA Priority Areas for Planning Dengue Emergency Response 1. Establish a multisectoral dengue action committee.
STRATEGY OF DRUG AND HIV/AIDS PREVENTION IN THE CITY AND DISTRICTS OF TALLINN Ene Tomberg Department of Social Welfare and Health Care of Tallinn.
1 Malaria Prevention and Control in Ethiopia Dr Daddi Jima National Malaria Control Program, Ethiopia.
Mosquito Breeding Habitats in SSP in Gujarat. Year ,667 29, , , , , ,
HEALTH A state of complete physical, mental and social well being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity and ability to lead a socially and.
Larval Source Management in Africa: Case Studies Charles M. Mbogo Kenya Medical Research Institute, Centre for Geographic Medicine Research, Kilifi.
TRAINING COURSE IN MALARIA ELIMINATION FOR THE GREATER MEKONG SUBREGION CHIANG MAI AUGUST 2015 INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES -ALLAN SCHAPIRA.
Why river linking project in India INDIA having total land area is 3,287,263 sq km in this Irrigated land is only 558,080 sq km, rest of the land are un.
Malaria a story of ELIMINATION A partnership of:.
Malaria carried by the Anopheles Mosquito
Malaria. The female anopheles mosquito inserts her proboscis into the skin to take a blood meal. She releases saliva which prevents the blood from clotting.
2007 Pan American Health Organization 2004 Pan American Health Organization Malaria in the Americas: Progress, Challenges, Strategies and Main Activities.
TB AND HIV: “THE STRATEGIC VISION FOR THE COUNTRY” Dr Lindiwe Mvusi 18 May 2012 MMPA Congress 2012.
Knowledge Systems for Sustainable Development The design of effective systems to harness research- based knowledge for sustainable development.
HIV/AIDS Epidemic in India Trends, Lessons, Challenges & Opportunities
NABARD’s initiatives on Climate Change
Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention: WHO Policy and Perspectives
A Workshop for Data Entry Clerks
Dr Prak Piseth Raingsey Director Department of Preventive Medicine
Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)
Malaria Elimination Programme Timor Leste
Malaria in Tribal Areas
A study of Malaria in the flood prone coastal city Surat Dr
Population Problem of India
By: Abdul Aziz Timbilla Ahmad Adel Kamil Al-Quraishi
G. P. CHATTERJEE MEMORIAL AWARD LECTURE Malaria Control in India by Dr
Lecture 9: PHC As a Strategy For HP Dr J. Sitali
Monitoring the implementation of the TB Action Plan for the WHO European Region, 2016–2020 EU/EEA situation in 2016 ECDC Tuberculosis Programme European.
Dr Paul T Francis, MD Community Medicine College of Medicine, Zawia
G. P. CHATTERJEE MEMORIAL AWARD LECTURE Malaria Control in India by Dr
CARBON NEUTRAL ECO-VILLAGE IN THE HIMALAYAN ECOSYSTEM:
Dr.Merita Monteiro Head of CDC Ministry of Health Timor Leste
Estimating the most efficient allocation of interventions to achieve reductions in Plasmodium falciparum malaria burden and transmission in Africa: a.
Vietnam Investment and Finance for TB
Estimating the most efficient allocation of interventions to achieve reductions in Plasmodium falciparum malaria burden and transmission in Africa: a.
Rotarians Against Malaria
Dte. National Vector Borne Diseases Control Programme (NVBDCP), MOHFW
MALARIA SITUATION IN INDIA
Presentation transcript:

Mosquito Breeding Habitats in SSP in Gujarat

Relationship of Poverty with Malaria in the Indian States Below Poverty Line in 1999-2000 Total malaria cases in India % Malaria cases in BPL states % P. vivax cases in BPL states Total P. falci- parum cases in India % P.falci-parum cases in BPL states % NAMP population in BPL states at risk of malaria Total malaria cases in BPL states Total P. vivax cases in India Year 1965 28.99 99,667 29,576 29.67 73,504 29.24 26,163 30.89 1970 50.35 694,017 199,743 28.78 593,902 26.08 100,115 44.98 1975 50.01 5,166,142 1,843,681 35.68 4,436,891 29.70 729,251 72.09 1980 49.82 2,898,140 1,055,750 36.42 2,310,129 26.47 588,011 75.51 1985 49.86 1,864,380 940,788 50.46 1,319,375 39.11 545,005 77.94 1990 50.15 2,018,783 804,148 39.83 1,266,665 27.40 752,118 60.75 1995 48.47 2,296,008 1,465,078 50.06 1,503,877 37.25 792,131 70.24 2000 52.59 2,019,065 1,404,737 69.57 971,149 49.28 1,047,916 88.37

Malaria and Poverty Malaria-wheels within wheels Malaria- a development issue Malaria control should rely on poverty alleviation for human development, social security & sustainable environment

Malnad 50,000 Sq Km Area MALNAD REGION, INDIA Dense Forests were replaced by coffee plantations. An. fluviatilis transmitted malaria disappeared. Malnad is healthy. Malnad 50,000 Sq Km Area MALNAD REGION, INDIA

MALARIA IN PUNJAB Malaria epidemic in Punjab in 1908 caused 300,000 deaths in 20 million populations over a period of three years. Malaria in Punjab flares up after July-August rains. The malaria mortality figures of Punjab from 1867-1943 revealed that in 77-years majority of malaria peaks were followed by 8-year cycle. The relationship of rainfall with malaria was investigated and epidemic forecasting methods were developed in Punjab. Irrigation changed the malaria epidemiology and the region was converted to endemic malaria.

Rice Cultivation and Malaria in Punjab % Share of Cropped Area 1970-73 7.6% 1996-98 28.4%

Bioenvironmental Malaria control at the Indian Oils Ltd. Mathura, U.P.

Bioenvironmental Malaria Control in BHEL and IDPL, Hardwar, Uttranchal

Malaria Outbreak in Bargi Dam area in Narayanganj PHC, M.P. Dam impounded Dam Dam completed

Malaria Control in Karnataka in Partnership with PHC System Major silk producing region. Farmers unwilling to allow the use of DDT High malaria incidence and deaths Major Breeding habitats of An. culicifacies Wells: Species A (Vector Species) Streams: Species B (Non-Vector Species) All wells mapped and fishes released Malaria cases declined sharply

Impact of Fishes on Malaria Population 38000 in 93 villages Malaria cases Malaria cases

Rise of malaria in DDT sprayed villages Rise of malaria in DDT sprayed villages. In 1998 fishes were released in problem villages. Population 52554 38 problem villages Fishes released Malaria Cases

Impact of SP spraying (1996-98) on Malaria Impact of SP spraying (1996-98) on Malaria. In 2002 fishes were released to control mosquitoes Population in 4 PHCs 1.3 million SP Spraying No Spraying Fishes Malaria cases

SITUATION ANALYSIS OF BETUL DISTRICT, MADHYA PRADESH Total malaria cases P. falciparum cases Chloroquine Tablets in Lakhs Year DDT sprayed in mt against 200 mt % Coverage 1990       496 91 1991       949 281 1992 4.00 2.0 5.00 805 196 1993 1.60 0.8 5.10 626 213 1994 4.90 3.0 5.40 1503 602 1995 2.30 1.0 6.20 1820 739 1996 7.40 3.5 7.70 2290 662 1997 9.90 5.0 9.80 5279 1764 1998 14.9 7.5 9.60 8872 3340 1999 10.2 5.0 13.88 14133 3919 2000 18.0 9.0 20.30 16764 7126

Bioenvironmental Control of Malaria in Betul District, Madhya Pradesh Results of Monitoring Malaria Incidence in Betul District

Impact of Fishes on Malaria (Rise in 2000 was due to epidemic in adjacent villages) Population 85672 in 160 villages Malaria cases

Interventions Started in 1997 Impact of Bioenvironmental Interventions in 100 million population in Maharashtra Interventions Started in 1997 Total Malaria Cases P. falciparum Cases

Impact of Fishes on Malaria Population 38000 in 93 villages Malaria cases Malaria cases

Interventions Started in 1997 Impact of Bioenvironmental Interventions in 100 million population in Maharashtra Interventions Started in 1997 Total Malaria Cases P. falciparum Cases

Editorial   United against malaria “WHO’s Global Malaria Eradication Campaign achieved some notable successes but it also proved that, without a much more flexible and variable strategy combined with poverty reduction, self reliance and sound environmental management, the war against this disease could not be won.” Dr. Hiroshima Nakajima Director General of WHO World Health. 51st Year, No.3, May-June 1998

Dr. Halfdan Mahler, Former Director-General, World Health Organization who initiated the imaginative Small Pox Eradication Programme said “All countries benefit from the fruits of India’s TB research -all countries except India”

Health Catastrophe of 21stCentury- Future Impact of Malaria Malaria problem will prove a great hindrance to socio-economic development in the fields of health, education, land exploitation, mining, road construction, agriculture, tourism et al. leading to greater poverty and under-development

SHARPENED OLD TOOLS AND UTILIZATION OF NEW TOOLS AND STRATEGIES WILL PRODUCE MORE FOCUSED AND SUSTAINABLE MALARIA CONTROL

New Tools in Malaria Control MALARIA DIAGNOSIS Dipstick/pLDH tests TREATMENT Artemisinin & Drug Combination ENVIRONMENT Health Impact Assessment VECTOR CONTROL Situation specific based on stratification, An. Sibling species, Bioenvironmental Methods, Treated Bed Nets, Bacillus thuringiensis, Neem Based Repellents, Selective Spraying

REDUCE POPULATION AT THE RISK OF MALARIA POVERTY ALLEVIATION STRATEGIES WILL REDUCE POPULATION AT THE RISK OF MALARIA

BETTER QUALITY AND COVERAGE OF HEALTH SERVICES WILL ACHIEVE EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF MALARIA

DEFORESTATION WILL DISLODGE HIGHLY EFFICIENT VECTORS OF MALARIA Example: Anopheles dirus

HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT WILL BECOME MANDATORY AND THIS WILL REDUCE RECEPTIVITY TO MALARIA

ENHANCED COMMUNITY AWARENESS WILL HELP IN MALARIA PREVENTION AND EARLY CASE DETECTION AND PROMPT TREATMENT

NEW DIAGNOSTICS, DRUGS, DRUG COMBINATIONS WILL REDUCE MALARIA FROM EVEN THE MOST DIFFICULT TERRAINS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Late Professor V. Ramalingaswami, FRS Professor M. G ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Late Professor V.Ramalingaswami, FRS Professor M.G.K. Menon, FRS THE INDIAN COUNCIL OF MEDICAL RESEARCH THE NATIONAL ANTI MALARIA PROGRAMME HEALTH DEPARTMENTS OF THE STATE GOVERNMENTS SCIENTISTS AND TECHNICAL STAFF OF THE MALARIA RESEARCH CENTRE AND ITS FIELD STATIONS NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATING INSTITUTIONS