Abnormal Psychology: Treatment AP Psychology: Unit 12
Abnormal Psychology: Treatment Basics Part one
Abnormal: Treatment Basics Mental health therapies are classified into two primary categories The Psychological Therapies/Psychotherapy Includes: Psychoanalysis, psychodynamic therapy & interpersonal therapy Humanistic therapy Behavioral therapy Cognitive therapy The Biomedical Therapies Eclectic Approach..?
Abnormal Psychology: Psychological Therapies Part two Psychological Therapies Psychoanalysis Humanistic Therapy Behavior Therapy Cognitive Therapy ***For more information, please see corresponding handout …
Abnormal Psychology: Biomedical Therapies Part three
Abnormal: Biomedical Therapies Overall Trends Biomedical treatments are generally preferred when treating serious disorders (i.e. schizophrenia) Assumes that abnormal behavior is a symptom of an underlying physical disorder Examples Drugs Psychosurgery ECT
Abnormal: Biomedical (Drugs) Psychopharmacology The study of how drugs effect the mind & behavior Psychopharmatherapy The treatment of mental disorders with medication; also known as drug therapy Major reasons for widespread use of drugs? Drugs are effective in treating disorders, especially serious disorders Drug therapies are often less expensive than psychotherapy
Abnormal: Biomedical (Drugs) Antipsychotic Drugs (Neuroleptics) Used to Treat Schizophrenia or psychosis Biological Function Block dopamine receptors in the brain Side Effects/Issues Drowsiness, dry mouth, muscular rigidity, tardive dyskinesia Examples Thorazine & Haldol (first generation) Clozapine, Risperdal & Zyprexa (second generation) Effectiveness 60-70% show improvement in symptoms
Abnormal: Biomedical (Drugs) Antianxiety Drugs (Anxiolytics) Used to Treat Anxiety disorders; often referred to as tranquilizers Biological Function Depress the central nervous system; thereby, producing a calm & mild euphoria Side Effects/Issues Physical dependence & withdrawal symptoms when drug is abruptly discontinued Examples Xanax, Valium, Librium, Ativan
Abnormal: Biomedical (Drugs) Antidepressant Drugs (Thymoleptics) Used to Treat Mood disorders, anxiety disorders (OCD), plus others… Biological Function Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs) Increase the amount of serotonin & norepinephrine Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) Block the reuptake of serotonin
Abnormal: Biomedical (Drugs) Antidepressant Drugs (Thymoleptics) Side Effects MAOIs Dry mouth, weight gain, heart complications, dizzy spells SSRIs Sleepiness, reduced sex drive
Abnormal: Biomedical (Drugs) Antidepressant Drugs (Thymoleptics) Examples MAOIs Nardil SSRIs Prozac, Paxil, Zoloft, Effexor Effectiveness 60-70% show improvement in symptoms, though it may take several weeks for changes to take effect
Abnormal: Biomedical (Drugs) Antimania Drugs (Mood Stabilizers) Used to Treat Bipolar Disorder Biological Function Scientific mystery…seriously… Side Effects/Issues Difficulties in establishing proper dosage Difficulties in stopping medication once symptoms ease Example Lithium Effectiveness 70-80% show improvement in symptoms
Abnormal: Biomedical (Stimulation) Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) Used to Treat Severe (unresponsive) depression Biological Function Scientific mystery…yes, again… Brief convulsions & temporary loss of consciousness Side Effects/Issues Memory loss Difficulty in learning Alternatives Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS)
Abnormal: Biomedical (Surgery) Psychosurgery (Lobotomy) – Egas Moniz Used to Treat Not much, if anything…? Biological Function Brain surgery performed to change a person’s behavior or emotional state Severs brain connections Side Effects/Issues Duh… Examples Prefrontal Lobotomy Transorbital Lobotomy