Chapter 3, Section 4 Objectives Understand European influences in South Africa. Effects of urbanization. Living conditions of Central Africa

Chapter 3, Section 4 – Central and Southern African Culture Diversity in Southern Africa Most are black Africans from many ethnic groups and many languages, many European descendants. European Influences evolved from the slave trade and colonization

European Ethnic Groups 3 Main Groups Portuguese descendants speak Portuguese. Afrikaners: Dutch descendants who speak Afrikaans (related to Dutch) English- speaking British descendants Urbanization European settlers introduced the idea of urbanization. Largest cities in the southern region are . . . . Cape Town and Johannesburg in South Africa Maputo in Mozambique

Industry in South Africa richest, most urban, most industrialized country big demand for labor brought people from nearby African countries to work migrant workers – laborers who travel away from where they live to work compounds – fenced in groups of homes

New Roles for Women Women left behind were now taking on the roles that men had, like caring for animals and addressing local problems. They gained new rights, responsibilities, and skills.

Life in Central Africa Economics and Culture Cities along the coast are more wealthy. They benefit from trade and have more exposure to outside cultures. As you travel inland, living conditions get poorer. Villages are organized by kinship groups, land is owned by clans. Individual families live and work on their own land in less populated areas.

Diverse Ways of Life Many ethnic groups Variety of religions Millions live in shantytowns and rural areas. A mixture of old and new lifestyles.

14-South Africa

14-Swaziland