Http://videos. howstuffworks http://videos.howstuffworks.com/hsw/17711-america-from-1853-to-1860-an-era-of-reform-video.htm Ch 14 Social Reform.

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http://videos. howstuffworks http://videos.howstuffworks.com/hsw/17711-america-from-1853-to-1860-an-era-of-reform-video.htm Ch 14 Social Reform

Second Great Awakening Religious movement/revival in 1800’s Inspired people to become involved in missionary work & social reform

Temperance Movement People encouraged to drink moderately Cause: 2nd Great Awakening, break-up of families, poverty, crime Result: Some states banned sale/manufacture of alcohol (prohibition)

Women’s Rights Movement #1 goal – suffrage (meaning = right to vote for women) Elizabeth Stanton and Susan B. Anthony = “suffragists” (seeking the right to vote) Most women in early women’s movement were Quakers. (Quakers believed in equal rights.) 1848 women organized Seneca Falls Convention – this meeting marked the beginning of women’s rights movement.

William Lloyd Garrison Encouraged growth of anti-slavery movement 1st white abolitionist to call for the IMMEDIATE AND COMPLETE emancipation of enslaved people Created “American Antislavery Society” in 1832 Paper – “Liberator”

Frederick Douglass Famous African American Abolitionist Born slave and escaped from slavery 1838 Captured and returned to slavery Joined “Anti-Slave Society: Powerful speaker against slavery

Harriet Tubman Escaped from slavery Most famous conductor of underground railroad Went back to south 19 times to help approx. 300 slaves escape Known as “Moses of her people”

Underground Railroad Network of safe house (south to north)

Sojourner Truth “new name” she gave herself after escaping slavery (meaning = day she walked into the light of God’s truth) Advocate of both abolition and women’s movement Once a slave in NY. NY banned slavery in 1827.

Seneca Falls Convention Wrote “Declaration of Sentiments & Resolutions” (Similar to Declaration of Indep) Listed women’s grievances against men Goal = end all laws that discriminated against women #1 goal = suffrage = extend the right to vote to women (19th Amendment – 1920 –women got right to vote)

Uncle Tom’s Cabin Written by Harriet Beecher Stowe Re: injustices of slavery (how bad slavery really was) Stowe was a transcendalists = meaning she stressed the importance of following one’s innner voice (conscience) and breaking the bonds of prejudice

Dorthea Dix Fought against “mentally ill” being locked up in jail Advocate for persons with mental disability

Horace Mann Leader of education reform Lengthened school year to 6 months Improved school curriculum Doubled teacher’s salaries Developed better methods to train teachers

Public Education By 1850 – all states School – free and supported by taxes Teachers should be trained Children should be required to attend school (“compulsory education”)

Utopian Societies New Harmony – Indiana Communal life Celibacy No individual possessions 1814: 700 members

Oneida Community (New York) Believed in “complex marriages” (married to the group/not one person) Communal property, meals, & raising/discipline children 1874: 270 members