2010/10/5 Grade 10 Ryoko Aoki Noble Gases ~Chemical Family Research~

Contents What is Noble Gases? Description of Each Elements Similarities of the elements in Noble gases family The Electron Configuration & formation of ion Historical explanation Bibliography

What is Noble Gases? Noble Gases are a family, which are in Group 18 in the periodic table. There are six of them, and it is also considered as “Inert Gases”, because it does not react with other elements(stable). Again, noble gases are relatively inactive. They have low boiling points, and are gases,with room temperature. Elements in Noble Gases Helium(He) Neon(Ne) Argon(Ar) Krypton(Kr) Xenon(Xe) Radon(Rn)

Description of Each Elements -Helium- Symbol:He Atomic number:2 Atomic mass:4.002602 amu Number of protons/electrons:2 Number of neutrons:2 Color:colorless Electron Configuration: 1s² Usage:balloons, deep sea diving

Neon Neon Symbol:Ne Atomic number:10 Atomic mass:20.1797 amu Number of protons/electrons:10 Number of neutrons:10 Color:Colorless Electron Configuration:1s2,2s2,2p6 Usage:Lighting

Argon Argon Symbol:Ar Atomic number:18 Atomic mass:39.948 amu Number of protons/electrons:18 Number of neutrons:22 Color: Colorless Electron Configuration:1s2,2s2,2p6,3s2,3p6 Usage:Lighting Argon has approximately the same solubility in water as oxygen gas and is 2.5 times more soluble in water than nitrogen gas.

Krypton Krypton Symbol: Kr Atomic Number: 36 Atomic Mass: 83.8 amu Number of Protons/Electrons: 36 Number of Neutrons: 48 Color: colorless gas Electron Configuration:1s2,2s2,2p6,3s2,3p6,4s2, 3d10, 4p6 Usage:Lighting

Xenon Xenon Symbol: Xe Atomic Number: 54 Atomic Mass: 131.29 amu Number of Protons/Electrons: 54 Number of Neutrons: 77 Color: Colorless Gas Electron Configuration:1s2,2s2,2p6,3s2,3p6,4s2, 3d10, 4p6, 5s2, 4d10, 5p6 Usage:Powerful lumps, bubble chambers

Radon Radon Symbol: Rn Atomic Number: 86 Atomic Mass: (222.0) amu Number of Protons/Electrons: 86 Number of Neutrons: 136 Color: colorless Electron Configuration:1s2,2s2,2p6,3s2,3p6,4s2, 3d10, 4p6, 5s2, 4d10, 5p6, 6s2, 4f14, 5d10, 6p6 Usage:Treatment of cancer

Similarities of the elements The similarity in Noble Gases are, that they are all stable. Again, as it was mentioned in this presentation, they are very stable, and do not react with other elements. The second similarity in Noble Gases are that they are all gases. They are always at room temperature when it is in gas form, and their boiling point is low. The third similarity is that they are colorless. They do not have colors like other metals, or elements.

Electron Configuration & Formation of Ion For Noble gases, Formation of Ion does not work. This is because they are stable, and does not need to give off to or get electrons from other elements. They all have 8 charge of electrons, which means full charge. For Electron Configuration, if we take out transition metal part, which is “d”, it will always show that they have 8 charge of electrons. ex. Rn is (...)5s2, 4d10, 5p6,(....) 8

History -Krypton- Krypton Krypton was found on May 30, 1898 by Sir William Ramsay. He was a scotish chemist. He found Krypton with Morris M. Travers, an English chemist, while studying liquefied air. Very small amount of Krypton was found in the more volatile components of liquid air, which had boiled away. Neon was found after few weeks from this discovery, with similar method. He was awarded with Noble Prize in Chemistry for finding Noble Gases.

Argon History of Argon Argon was guessed to be found by Henry Cavendish in 1785, however was not isolated until 1894 Lord Rayleigh and Sir William Ramsay in Scotland. It was found while doing an experiment in which they removed all of the oxygen, carbon dioxide, water and nitrogen from a sample of clean air.

Bibliography Information(About Noble Gases and each elements) http://www.rsc.org/chemsoc/visualelements/pages/data/intro_groupviii_data.html http://www.chemicalelements.com/groups/noblegases.html http://chemistry.about.com/od/elementgroups/a/noblegases.htm History http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krypton http://education.jlab.org/itselemental/ele036.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argon Mr Bullock