Clinical features and microsurgical treatment of pediatric patients with cerebral cavernous malformation Jianping Song, Nidan Qiao, Liqian Xie, Tianming Qiu, Peiliang Li, Jingsong Wu, Wei Zhu, Liang Chen, Kang Min He, Nan Zhang, Ying Mao, Yao Zhao Journal of Clinical Neuroscience Volume 18, Issue 10, Pages 1303-1307 (October 2011) DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2011.01.033 Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd Terms and Conditions
Supplementary Figure 1 Neuronavigation combined with functional MRI in a patient who presented with mild left limb paralysis and a cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) located in eloquent brain areas: (A) axial T2-weighted brain MRI scan showing a CCM lesion located deep within the right frontal lobe (arrow); (B, C) integration of the neuronavigation, the diffusion tensor imaging tractography, segmentation and three-dimensional reconstruction of the scalp (brown), lesion (red), and neighboring motor pyramidal tracts (blue and purple) showing that the deep-seated lesion was closely adhered to the19 pyramidal tract; (D) postoperative axial T1-weighted MRI scan showing total lesion removal by multiple image and neuronavigation-guided surgery; (E and F) a three-dimensional reconstruction showing that the neighboring pyramidal tract was well preserved after surgery. The symptom of hemiparesis was markedly improved. Journal of Clinical Neuroscience 2011 18, 1303-1307DOI: (10.1016/j.jocn.2011.01.033) Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd Terms and Conditions